Questions and Answers
What does customer intimacy involve?
What is the most common risk management tactic once a company identifies its risks?
What does ESG stand for?
Environmental, Social, and Governance
Lean production is often referred to as Just-In-Time (JIT) production.
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What is the benefit of lean production compared to traditional manufacturing?
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Match the types of internal controls with their classifications:
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What influences organizational behavior?
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What are the three main functions of management in managerial accounting?
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What should managers establish as part of the planning function?
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What does the controlling function in managerial accounting involve?
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What is one key question managers ask during the decision-making process?
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How many years of relevant professional experience are required to become a Certified Management Accountant (CMA)?
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What designation is co-sponsored by the AICPA and CIMA?
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What are some topics included in the broader business context for managerial accounting? (Select all that apply)
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Big Data refers to small collections of data gathered from inside or outside a company.
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To become a CMA, one must pass the ___ exam.
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What does velocity refer to in the context of data?
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What does veracity indicate about data expectations?
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What is data analytics?
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Which of the following are purposes of data analytics? (Select all that apply)
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What does the Institute of Management Accountant’s (IMA) Statement of Ethical Professional Practice provide?
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Confidential information can be disclosed unless legally obligated to do so.
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What is integrity in the context of IMA guidelines?
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Which of the following are included in the IMA Guidelines for Resolution of an Ethical Conflict? (Select all that apply)
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Why are ethical standards essential in business?
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What is the focal point of a company’s strategy?
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Study Notes
Managerial Accounting Overview
- Managerial accounting differs from financial accounting in purpose, use, and nature, focusing on internal management needs.
- Key functions of management include planning, controlling, and decision-making.
Planning
- Establishing goals and specifying methods to achieve them are key aspects of planning.
- Developing budgets is an essential part of the planning process, aiding in resource allocation and financial forecasting.
Controlling
- The control function gathers feedback to ensure adherence to plans, utilizing performance reports.
- These reports compare actual results against budgets to identify variances and correct course as necessary.
Decision Making
- Involves selecting among competing alternatives to determine strategies for selling, customer service, and execution of plans.
- Most relevant questions include product bundling strategies and direct vs. distributor sales methods.
Role of Accounting Majors
- Accounting majors are expected to possess strong financial accounting skills while applying planning, controlling, and decision-making principles derived from managerial accounting.
Certified Management Accountant (CMA)
- Requires membership in the Institute of Management Accountants, a bachelor’s degree, relevant work experience, and successful passage of the CMA exam.
- CMA curriculum encompasses financial reporting, planning, performance, control, and decision-making skills.
Chartered Global Management Accountant (CGMA)
- Co-sponsored by AICPA and CIMA; requires a CPA designation, relevant work experience, and passage of the CGMA exam focused on various competencies including ethics and leadership.
Importance of Measurement Skills
- Measurement skills are crucial for managers to develop financial plans and evaluate performance relative to plans.
Broader Context in Managerial Accounting
- Understanding analytics, ethics, strategic management, enterprise risk management, and ESG responsibilities is vital for effective managerial accounting.
- Managers must apply measurement skills in a broader business context to enhance planning, control, and decision-making processes.
Big Data in Managerial Accounting
- Involves analyzing large data sets for informed decision-making.
- Key attributes of Big Data include:
- Variety: Different formats of data.
- Volume: Growing quantity of data.
- Velocity: Speed of data reception and processing.
- Value: Assessing the cost-benefit of data analysis.
- Veracity: Ensuring accuracy and trustworthiness of data.### Data Analytics
- Data analytics involves analyzing data using specialized systems and software to derive meaningful conclusions.
- Findings from data analysis are communicated through data visualization techniques such as graphs, charts, maps, and diagrams.
- Applications of data analytics include descriptive, diagnostic, predictive, and prescriptive analyses.
Ethics in Management
- The Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) provides a Statement of Ethical Professional Practice to guide ethical behavior.
- Ethical guidelines emphasize recognizing and communicating professional limitations to maintain responsible judgment.
- Managers are expected to provide accurate, clear, concise, and timely information for decision support.
Confidentiality
- Confidential information must not be disclosed unless legally required.
- Using confidential information for unethical or illegal advantage is prohibited.
- Ensuring relevant parties do not disclose confidential information is essential.
Integrity
- Managers should mitigate conflicts of interest and advise others of potential conflicts.
- Abstaining from activities that could discredit the profession promotes a positive ethical culture.
- Conduct must remain ethical to fulfill professional duties effectively.
Credibility
- Information should be communicated fairly and objectively.
- Disclosure of delays or deficiencies in information processing and internal controls is critical for maintaining credibility.
- Relevant information that influences user understanding of reports must be disclosed.
Resolving Ethical Conflicts
- Follow established employer policies for conflict resolution.
- Discuss conflicts with immediate supervisors or higher managerial levels if necessary, maintaining confidentiality.
- Seek objective advice or consult legal counsel regarding obligations if internal policies fail to resolve issues.
Importance of Ethical Standards
- Ethical standards in business are crucial for a functioning economy; their absence can lead to decreased quality of goods/services and higher prices.
- Maintaining ethical standards preserves jobs and overall economic health.
Strategy
- A strategy serves as a game plan for distinguishing a company from competitors and attracting customers.
- The focal point of any strategy should be the target customers.
Customer Value Propositions
- Customer intimacy strategy focuses on understanding and responding to individual customer needs.
- Operational excellence strategy seeks to deliver products/services efficiently and at competitive prices.
- Product leadership strategy aims to provide higher quality products.
Enterprise Risk Management
- A process to proactively identify and manage risks, deciding whether to avoid, accept, or reduce them.
- Common practice includes reducing risks through the implementation of specific controls.
Internal Controls for Financial Reporting
- Authorization controls require management approval for certain transactions (preventive).
- Reconciliation helps identify discrepancies between related data sets (detective).
- Segregation of duties ensures different individuals handle transaction authorization, recording, and custody (preventive).
- Physical safeguards include locks and security systems to protect assets (preventive).
- Performance reviews compare actual performance against benchmarks to assess results (detective).
- Maintaining records supports the legitimacy of transactions (detective).
- Information security involves using access controls to restrict data (preventive).
Environmental, Social, and Governance Responsibility (ESG)
- ESG reflects a commitment to considering all stakeholders in organizational decision-making.
- It encompasses voluntary actions exceeding legal obligations to satisfy stakeholder expectations.
- Key stakeholders include customers, employees, suppliers, communities, and investors.### Environmental, Social, and Governance Responsibility
- Various examples can be found on PwC's website related to Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) responsibility.
- Understanding ESG principles is crucial for sustainable business practices and corporate accountability.
Business Process Management
- A business process consists of a series of structured steps aimed at achieving specific objectives within a company.
- Key functions in the value chain include Research & Development (R&D), Design, Manufacturing, Marketing, Distribution, and Customer Service.
Lean Production
- Lean Production is synonymous with Just-In-Time (JIT) production, focusing on creating goods in response to actual customer orders.
- Goods are delivered as needed, minimizing excess inventory and aligning production closely with demand.
Traditional Manufacturing vs. Lean Production
- Traditional manufacturing method relies on producing goods in anticipation of sales, leading to increased finished goods inventory and storage costs.
- This approach contrasts with lean production, which prioritizes efficiency and minimizes investment in inventory.
Benefits of Lean Production
- In lean production, the number of units produced typically matches the number of units sold, reducing overproduction.
- This methodology leads to fewer defects, decreased waste, and faster response times to customer needs compared to traditional methods.
Leadership in Organizations
- Effective organizational leadership aligns employee behavior with strategic goals while facilitating optimal decision-making.
- Factors influencing employee behavior include:
- Intrinsic Motivation: Internal drive to achieve and excel.
- Extrinsic Incentives: Rewards and benefits provided by the organization.
- Cognitive Bias: Psychological factors that can affect decision-making processes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on customer intimacy, risk management tactics, and lean production concepts. This quiz covers essential business principles including ESG and internal controls classifications. Explore how these strategies influence operational effectiveness.
