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Questions and Answers
What can a non-breaching party seek in addition to damages for breach of contract?
Which type of breach is characterized by a complete failure to perform contractual obligations?
What distinguishes substantial performance from less than substantial performance?
Which of the following is considered a condition in a contract?
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What occurs in an anticipatory breach?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of contractual term?
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In the case of Associated Newspapers v Bancks, what was the main issue regarding the contract?
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What signifies the importance of a condition in a contract according to the Tramways test?
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What happens if there is an anticipatory breach of the entire contract?
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What is necessary for a breach of an innominate term to permit termination of the contract?
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In the context of contractual terms, what distinguishes a warranty from an innominate term?
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What was the essential issue in the case of Bettini v Gye?
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What legal remedy is typically available for a breach of warranty?
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What must a party demonstrate to terminate a contract due to a breach of a warranty?
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In the event of an anticipatory breach, what can the non-breaching party do?
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What must a non-breaching party do to exercise the right to terminate a contract?
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What type of term would typically not allow for terminations if breached?
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In the case of Holland v Wiltshire, which breach did not lead to the loss of the right to terminate by affirmation?
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What happens when a party affirms a breach of contract?
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What was the specific request made by H in the Holland v Wiltshire case?
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If a party knows about a breach and continues with the contract, what is the result?
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What classification did the court assign to the 'rehearsal promise' in Bettini v Gye?
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What was the primary reason B could terminate the contract with AN?
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In the case of Cehave v Bremer, why could C not reject the goods and terminate the contract?
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Which condition must be met for the breach of an intermediate term to allow for termination?
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What did the Tramways test determine regarding the contract between B and AN?
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What was the main reason that G could not terminate the contract in Bettini v Gye?
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What kind of breach allows for the right to terminate a contract?
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Which of the following statements best describes the term regarding the pellets in Cehave v Bremer?
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In the case of Holland v Wiltshire, what was the finding regarding the payment date?
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What implication does the classification of a term as 'intermediate' have in contract law?
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What constitutes an anticipatory breach of a condition?
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In terms of breach consequences, which of the following is NOT true regarding a warranty?
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What was the essential aspect of the contract between B and AN concerning the cartoon?
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What aspect of B's reasonable excuse for missing rehearsals was relevant in Bettini v Gye?
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Why did W in Holland v Wiltshire have the right to terminate the contract?
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How does less than substantial performance of a condition affect a contract?
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Study Notes
Termination: Overview
- Non-breaching party can seek damages or terminate the contract.
- Termination eligibility depends on the type and nature of the breach.
Types of Breaches
- Non-performance: Complete failure; no action taken (e.g., Varley v Whipp).
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Partial performance: Any performance less than complete; includes:
- Substantial performance: Plaintiff still receives expected benefits.
- Less than substantial performance.
- Late performance: Breach occurs when obligations performed after due date.
- Anticipatory breach: Party indicates inability or unwillingness to perform before due date.
Types of Contractual Terms
-
Conditions: Fundamental importance; if not fulfilled, can terminate contract.
- Established by the Tramways test.
- Warranties: Lesser importance; breach permits damages but not termination unless it amounts to repudiation.
- Innominate/intermediate terms: Breach can permit termination if serious and deprives substantial benefit.
Breach of Conditions
- Associated Newspapers v Bancks: B terminated due to AN's breach of front-page promise; condition was fundamental, allowing termination.
- Holland v Wiltshire: Timely payment condition; failure to perform entitled W to terminate contract.
Anticipatory Breach of Conditions
- Recognized if context indicates inability or unwillingness to perform.
- Hochster v de la Tour: H could terminate contract due to anticipatory breach, allowing for damages.
Breach of Intermediate/Innominate Terms
- Term may cause serious loss yet be breached without serious consequence.
- Cehave v Bremer: C could not terminate for minor breach as substantial benefit remained intact.
Electing to Terminate
- Termination requires active choice; non-breaching party must communicate intent to terminate.
Loss of Right to Terminate: Affirmation
- Affirmation occurs when a party continues after acknowledging breach.
- Right to terminate can be lost if no action is taken post-breach acknowledgment.
Case Study: Holland v Wiltshire
- Three breaches by H:
- Initial failure to perform: W's right to terminate lost due to affirmation.
- Failure by the first extension: Again, affirmation led to loss of termination right.
- Announcement of non-performance constituted repudiation, allowing W to terminate contract.
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Description
This quiz covers Topic 7 on Remedies for Breach in Business Law. It explores the options available to the non-breaching party, including termination of the contract based on the type and nature of the breach. Test your understanding of contract law and the implications of breaches of agreement.