Building Services and Auxiliary Systems

Electronics Ancillary Systems

• Electronics ancillary systems are components related to security, comfort, lighting, and information systems.
• They are vital to ensure the main system performs as specified.

Building Services

• Building services are the elements making a building functional.
• Key services include energy supply (gas, electricity, renewables), heating and cooling, water, drainage, plumbing, lighting (natural and artificial), escalators and lifts, ventilation and refrigeration, communication systems (telephones, IT, security, and alarm), and fire detection and protection.

Auxiliary Systems (Components)

• Telephone and telecommunications systems include various types of lines, stations, switchboards, and communication features.
• Audio/video systems encompass radio, TV, and signal distribution.
• Cable systems encompass CCTV distribution, locations, and interfacing with other ancillary systems.
• Data distribution systems include different types of cables, such as multiple conductor, twisted pairs, coaxial, and fiber optic, along with wiring closets.
• Satellite systems involve dishes, diameters, and orientation.
• Public address systems include intercoms, paging, and music systems
• Transmission systems include transmitters and microwave towers.
• Time and signal systems (clocks and program systems) are crucial parts in many commercial setups.
• Fire detection and alarm systems interface with fire protection consultants
• Security systems (CCTV) handle monitoring, detection, alarming, control, and security interfaces.
• Special systems cater to specific needs like hospitals, research facilities, computer centers, or industrial, military, or defense facilities.

Electronics Permit

• City Engineering Office provides downloadable forms for building permits, including those related to electronics permits.
• The permit forms require owner/applicant information (name, address, TIN), construction details (location, scope/type of work), and the type(s) of electronic installation works/equipment systems to be included in their submissions.
• The form also mandates information from professional electrical/electronics engineers involved in the project.

Auxillary Systems Complexity

• The complexity of ancillary systems varies based on societal living standards and regional climates and occupancy/quality of the building.

Fire Detection and Alarm System (FDAS)

• FDAS operates based on basic principles where detected fires trigger an alarm.
• This alerts building managers and occupants to potential evacuations.

Background Music System

• Plays continuous background music via distributed public address audio systems.
• Zoning often provides varied levels of volume.

Public Address System (PAS)

• Enhances volume/loudness of human voices, musical instruments, or other sound sources.

Building Management System (BMS)

• A computer-based system used in buildings to manage mechanical and electrical equipment, like ventilation, lighting, power, fire protection, and security.

Closed Circuit Television System (CCTV)

• Used for surveillance, monitoring, criminal activity detection, and record keeping of traffic infractions.

Access Control System

• Aims to manage who can enter or exit and when, to designated areas or zones.

Voice & Data Networking Systems

• Uses various communication methods.
• The mediums transmit digital data (numeric, text, graphics, photos, video, and voice) between computers via various communication networks.

Complete Electronic Plans

• Site development plan: design considerations for the building’s location/site.
• Electronic system lay-out: diagram depicting the electrical wiring locations and components.
• Riser diagram: visual representation of the vertical connections and pathways for equipment.

Standard Symbols in Electrical and Electronic Systems

• Symbols provide a universal way to represent electrical/electronic equipment, devices, and components.
• Multiple standards exist for electrical symbols, especially in fire alarm systems (FDAS), CCTV, and other auxiliary systems.

Structured Cabling Systems

• Two primary cabling types: shielded twisted-pair copper and fiber optic.
• Both involve star configurations connecting individual points to a central wiring point.
• Different cable types (Cat 5, Cat 5e, Cat 6, Cat 6a) support various speed/bandwidth requirements; optimal choice depends on project bandwidth requirements.
• Wire labeling is essential to reduce later troubleshooting and maintenance. Fiber optic cabling needs careful handling due to bend radius issues.
• Installations in underground conduits and pull points, combined with required curves, dictate fiber optic cable installation practices.

Fiber Optic Cabling

• Two basic types of fiber exist: multimode and single mode.
• Appropriate type depends on the application.
• Design should account for future growth.

Network Structure

• Enterprise networks consist of multiple interconnected Local Area Networks (LANs).
• These LAN networks use hubs, chassis hubs, stackable hubs, bridges, and workgroup switches, while the core part employs routers and switches for communication with other LANs and the wider internet (WAN) via vertical and horizontal cabling.

Structured Backbones

• Modern networks, especially those dealing with high traffic volume and multiple data types, require well-structured backbones.
• Common types (including star, ring and hierarchical/inverse tree, and mesh topologies) allow for faster data transfer and easier management, resulting in high efficiency, reliability, and security.
• Multiplexers, Routers, and Switches are common equipment types used in a variety of backbone structures to handle data transfer within and outside the organization or enterprise.

Backbone Benefits

• Backbones simplify complex distributed computing environments.
• They allow for system upgrades or modifications, and support enterprise data transfers efficiently and cost-effectively.

Fiber Optics and Backbone

• Backbone advantages, including high bandwidth and data transmission capabilities, are greatly improved by using fiber optics.
• Fiber greatly improves backbone flexibility and future-growth capacity.
• Fiber cables also provide increased data security and reliability.

Application/Bandwidth Requirements

• Backbone capacity must match increasing bandwidth demands.
• Various applications (digital audio, video, replications, etc.) need specific bandwidth amounts.

Explore building services and auxiliary systems. Understand electrical contributions and essential communication infrastructures. Includes managing IoT devices and modern security features.