PHAK Chapter 7 Flashcards
20 Questions
101 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Continuous operation of an engine depends on the simultaneous function of ___________ ____________

auxiliary systems

Which of these are nine main systems found on small airplanes? (Select all that apply)

  • Environmental Control: Pressurization and Oxygen (correct)
  • Cooling (correct)
  • Oil Systems (correct)
  • Fuel (correct)
  • Powerplant: Engine and Propeller (correct)
  • Ignition (correct)
  • Induction systems: Carburetor/ fuel injection (correct)
  • Electrical (correct)
  • Landing Gear (correct)

How does airflow work in small airplanes?

Air flows into the engine compartment through openings in front of the engine cowling. Baffles route this air over the engine and it is expelled through openings in the lower, aft portion of the engine cowling.

The air cooling system is less effective during _____

<p>high-power, low-airspeed operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two important functions of oil systems? (Select all that apply)

<p>Lubrication of the engine's moving parts (B), Cooling of the engine by reducing friction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two basic types of fuel systems? (Select all that apply)

<p>Gravity-feed (B), Fuel Pump (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain Gravity-Feed type of fuel system in Cessna 172.

<p>On high wing airplanes, the fuel tanks are physically placed above the carburetor, allowing gravity to feed fuel into the engine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fuel must be available to the engine under all conditions of:

<p>Attitude (A), Engine power (B), Altitude (C), Flight maneuvers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aviation gasoline is different from automobile gasoline.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aviation gasoline is prefixed by what?

<p>AVGAS</p> Signup and view all the answers

Since use of the correct fuel is critical, _____ are added to the fuel to help identify the _____ and ______.

<p>dyes, type, grade</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aviation fuel weighs?

<p>6 lbs./gallon</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two forms of electricity required in aviation?

<p>Direct current (DC) and Alternate current (AC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the battery provide?

<p>Power for starting the engine and a limited supply of power if the alternator fails.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The electrical system is turned on or off with a _______ ________.

<p>master switch</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a bus bar used for?

<p>To connect the main electrical system to the equipment using electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are circuit breakers used for?

<p>To protect the equipment from electrical overload.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an ammeter used for?

<p>Monitoring whether the alternator/generator is producing an adequate supply of electrical power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a loadmeter reflect?

<p>Total load placed on the electrical system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a pressurized cabin in aircraft?

<p>It allows for operation at high altitudes while maintaining a comfortable environment for passengers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What auxiliary systems power engine operation?

Engines need continuous operation of auxiliary systems to function. These include induction, ignition, fuel, oil, cooling, and exhaust.

What are the main systems in small airplanes?

Small airplanes include nine main systems: cooling, oil, fuel, electrical, environmental control (pressurization and oxygen), landing gear, induction systems, ignition, and powerplant.

How do air-cooled engines work?

Most small airplanes use air-cooled engines where air flows through the engine cowling to cool the engine. Baffles guide the airflow, expelling it through lower openings.

When is the air cooling system least effective?

The air cooling system is least efficient at high power and low airspeed, making it harder to maintain engine temperature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the functions of an oil system?

Oil systems lubricate moving parts to reduce friction and cool the engine. They also remove heat from cylinders, seal between cylinder walls and pistons, and remove contaminants.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the types of fuel systems?

Basic fuel systems are categorized into gravity-feed and fuel pump types.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How does a gravity-feed fuel system work?

In this type of system, fuel tanks are positioned above the carburetor, and fuel flows naturally to the engine due to gravity. This system is common in high-wing airplanes like the Cessna 172.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What condition must fuel always meet?

Fuel must be readily available for use during various flight maneuvers, regardless of engine power, altitude, or aircraft attitude.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why are fuel pumps necessary?

Fuel pumps are used when gravity cannot effectively transfer fuel due to the airplane's design.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How is aviation gasoline different?

Aviation gasoline (AVGAS) is different from automobile gasoline and requires specific grades for optimal performance in aircraft engines.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What helps identify the type of aviation fuel?

Aviation fuel often has dyes added to identify its type and grade, ensuring the right fuel is used.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How much does aviation fuel weigh?

Aviation fuel weighs about 6 pounds per gallon.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the two forms of electricity used in aviation?

Direct Current (DC) flows in one direction and is used in cars, but it's heavier and less reliable. Alternating Current (AC) reverses direction and is used in homes, making it lighter, simpler, and more reliable, which is why it's preferred in aviation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the function of the battery in the electrical system?

The battery provides power for engine start-up and acts as a backup if the alternator fails.

Signup and view all the flashcards

How does the master switch work?

The master switch activates the electrical system, powering all circuits except the ignition, and can be turned off during flight without stopping the engine.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the characteristics of the master switch?

The master switch has a split-rocker design, with the left side controlling the alternator and the right side controlling the battery power.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the purpose of the bus bar?

A bus bar distributes electricity to various equipment in the electrical system.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the role of circuit breakers?

Circuit breakers protect equipment from electrical overloads, engaging manually or automatically.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What does an ammeter do?

An ammeter measures the alternator/generator's performance in producing sufficient electrical power.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the function of a loadmeter?

A loadmeter monitors the total electrical load on the system, indicating how much electricity is being used.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What makes pressurized aircraft special?

Pressurized aircraft are designed for high-altitude flying, with sealed compartments that maintain higher air pressure than the surrounding environment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Why is it important to understand cabin vs. aircraft altitude?

Understanding the difference between cabin altitude and aircraft altitude is essential for safe operation in pressurized airplanes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Engine Operation and Auxiliary Systems

  • Continuous engine operation relies on the simultaneous function of auxiliary systems.
  • Key auxiliary systems include induction, ignition, fuel, oil, cooling, and exhaust.

Main Systems in Small Airplanes

  • Small airplanes incorporate nine main systems:
    • Cooling
    • Oil
    • Fuel
    • Electrical
    • Environmental Control (pressurization and oxygen)
    • Landing Gear
    • Induction systems (carburetor/fuel injection)
    • Ignition
    • Powerplant (engine and propeller)

Air-Cooled Engine Functionality

  • Most small airplanes feature air-cooled engines where air flows through openings in the engine cowling.
  • Baffles direct this airflow over the engine, expelling it through lower openings in the cowling.

Air Cooling System Efficiency

  • The air cooling system is least effective during high-power, low-airspeed operations.

Oil System Functions

  • Oil systems serve two primary functions: lubrication of moving parts and cooling by reducing friction.
  • Additional roles include heat removal from cylinders, sealing between cylinder walls and pistons, and contaminant removal.

Types of Fuel Systems

  • Basic fuel systems are categorized into gravity-feed and fuel pump types.

Gravity-Feed Fuel System

  • In gravity-feed systems, fuel tanks are positioned above the carburetor in high-wing airplanes like the Cessna 172, which has a usable fuel capacity of 53 gallons.

Fuel Available Conditions

  • Fuel must remain accessible under approved flight maneuvers, regardless of engine power, altitude, or aircraft attitude.

Fuel Pump Necessity

  • Fuel pumps are installed when gravity transfer of fuel is not feasible due to airplane design constraints.

Aviation vs. Automobile Gasoline

  • Aviation gasoline, known as AVGAS, differs from automobile gasoline, requiring specific grades for optimal performance.

Identifying Aviation Fuel

  • Dyes are often added to aviation fuel to help identify its type and grade, ensuring the use of the correct fuel.

Aviation Fuel Weight

  • Aviation fuel weighs approximately 6 lbs. per gallon.

Required Forms of Electricity

  • Two forms of electricity are utilized:
    • Direct Current (DC) flows in one direction, typically found in cars but is heavier and less reliable.
    • Alternating Current (AC) reverses its direction, used in homes, making it lighter, simpler, and more reliable, thus preferred for aviation.

Battery Function

  • The battery supplies power for engine start-up and serves as a backup in case the alternator fails.

Master Switch Operation

  • The electrical system is activated using a master switch which powers all circuits except the ignition system; turning it off during flight does not stop the engine.

Master Switch Characteristics

  • The master switch is a split-rocker type:
    • Left side controls the alternator
    • Right side controls battery power

Bus Bar Purpose

  • A bus bar connects the main electrical system to various equipment using electricity.

Circuit Breakers Role

  • Circuit breakers protect equipment from electrical overloads, engaging either manually or automatically.

Ammeter Utility

  • An ammeter monitors the alternator/generator’s performance in producing sufficient electrical power.

Loadmeter Function

  • A loadmeter reflects the total electrical load on the system.

Pressurized Aircraft Benefits

  • Pressurized aircraft are designed to fly at high altitudes, with sealed compartments maintaining higher air pressure than the outside environment.

Cabin vs. Aircraft Altitude

  • Understanding cabin altitude in relation to aircraft altitude is crucial for operation and safety in pressurized conditions.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

Explore key concepts and definitions from Chapter 7 of the Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge (PHAK). This quiz includes essential systems such as fuel, oil, and engine auxiliary functions. Perfect for aviation students and enthusiasts looking to enhance their understanding of aircraft systems.

More Like This

Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) Systems
40 questions
Auxiliary Fuel Tanks Overview
5 questions

Auxiliary Fuel Tanks Overview

TollFreePreRaphaelites avatar
TollFreePreRaphaelites
Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) Operation Quiz
32 questions
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser