Building Laws - Key Provisions

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Questions and Answers

What is the minimum required distance between buildings for properties taller than 4 storeys?

  • 10 Meters (correct)
  • 6 Meters
  • 12 Meters
  • 4 Meters

What is the minimum distance required between eaves for buildings with 3-4 storeys?

  • 6 Meters
  • 4 Meters
  • 1.5 Meters
  • 2 Meters (correct)

What is the maximum percentage of saleable land in a subdivision?

  • 50%
  • 30%
  • 70% (correct)
  • 90%

Which of the following documents is not required for a subdivision development permit?

<p>Building Permit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum required floor area for medium-cost housing in subdivisions?

<p>30 sqm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required minimum percentage of open space for subdivisions with more than 65 lots per hectare?

<p>3.5% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum lot area requirement for a subdivision?

<p>100 sqm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following professional licenses is required for signing and sealing the site development plan for a subdivision?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum height for signage on walls and doors?

<p>1.40–1.60 meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required handrail extension from the start to the end of a ramp?

<p>300 mm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How deep should the central refuge area at a midcrossing be?

<p>1.50–2.00 meters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum crossing period for pedestrians, assuming a walking speed of 0.9 m/sec?

<p>6 seconds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum gap for turning space between edge to edge?

<p>0.90 meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of door must be used for exit access when the occupancy exceeds 50 persons?

<p>Side-hinged, swinging door (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required travel capacity for slide escapes permitted as exits?

<p>60 persons per minute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For buildings over 36.5 meters in height, how long must emergency lighting maintain illumination during a power failure?

<p>1.5 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT allowed on exit doors?

<p>Decorations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be clearly visible on every exit according to regulations?

<p>The word 'EXIT' (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is access to exits NOT allowed?

<p>Through a bathroom (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum height for letters on exit signs?

<p>15 cm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of mirrors in or adjacent to exits?

<p>They can confuse the direction of exit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the occupant load per person for concentrated use without fixed seats?

<p>0.65 m2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of exits required for an assembly space with an occupant load of 300–600?

<p>2 Exits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For standing room or waiting spaces, what is the occupant load allocation per person?

<p>0.28 m2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the required occupant load area per person in a classroom setting?

<p>1.80 m2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the occupant load area requirement for dry nurseries with sleeping facilities?

<p>3.25 m2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of facility requires an occupant load area of 11 m2 per person?

<p>Health Care Facilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many exits are required for a Class B assembly area with an occupant load of 600 or more?

<p>3 Exits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the occupant load area per person for educational shop and laboratory settings?

<p>1.40 m2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does fire-resistive rating refer to?

<p>The degree to which a material can withstand fire (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following categories does NOT fall under building classification by use?

<p>Agricultural facilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum height limit for buildings measured from the lowest surface?

<p>It must not exceed 3.00 meters. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method for wastewater disposal outlined in the content?

<p>Discharge to an Imhoff or septic tank (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What requirement must be met for pedestrian protection during construction?

<p>A 1.2-meter-wide temporary walkway must be provided. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fire-resistive standard indicates the time period a material can withstand burning?

<p>Time period rating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distance should eaves be from side and rear property lines?

<p>750mm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for rat proofing mentioned in the sanitation controls?

<p>Implementing cleaning measures for garbage bins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features are NOT classified as fire protection features?

<p>Concealed Space In Which Exposed Materials With Flame-Spread Rating Greater Than Class A Are Fire-Stopped (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition must be met for exits discharging to a floor of discharge?

<p>The floor of discharge must be clear of any obstacles and provide unobstructed access to the exterior. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum ceiling height (headroom) allowed for an exit passage?

<p>2.3 meters (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum percentage of exits allowed to discharge through an area on the floor of discharge?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of load is required for a stair, platform, landing, balcony, or stair hallway?

<p>88 kg. per sq. m. or 136 kg. concentrated load (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a horizontal exit ?

<p>A passageway that leads to an area of refuge within the same or a different building, approximately on the same level. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a feature of fire escape stairs?

<p>They can be used as a means of egress for existing buildings, but not as the only exit route. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of fire escape stair?

<p>Spiral staircase with a central column (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fire-Resistive Rating

The ability of a material to withstand fire exposure.

Time Period Rating

The duration a material can resist fire, measured in hours.

Fire-Resistive Standards

Guidelines classifying construction by fire-retardant effectiveness.

Building Classification by Use

Categories of buildings like residential, business, or assembly.

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Maximum Heights in Construction

Set maximum building heights based on ground elevation.

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Wastewater Disposal Systems

Methods for disposing of wastewater, like municipal or septic systems.

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Pedestrian Protection During Construction

Safety measures to protect people near construction sites.

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Rainwater Disposal Standards

Guidelines specifying that rainwater shouldn't mix with sanitary waste.

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Handrail Heights

Handrails must be mounted between 0.90 m and 1.06 m depending on safety needs.

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Handrail Extension

Handrails should extend 300 mm from start to end of ramp for safety.

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Signage Height

Signage should be placed between 1.40 m and 1.60 m high for accessibility.

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Embossed Signage

Signage must have a minimum thickness of 1 mm for letters/numbers, including Braille.

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At-Grade Crossings

Crossings should be perpendicular to the road and have a refuge area for safety.

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Building Separation for 3–4 Storeys

Minimum distance of 6 meters between buildings and 2 meters between eaves for 3-4 storey buildings.

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Building Separation for Over 4 Storeys

Minimum distance of 10 meters between buildings and 6 meters between eaves for buildings taller than 4 storeys.

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Saleable vs Non-Saleable Areas

In subdivisions, max 70% is saleable, minimum 30% is non-saleable (like roads and parks).

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Subdivision Plan Approval

Requirements for approval include various signed plans and documents related to site development.

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Park Requirements

For projects of 1 hectare or more, parks are required with certain lot density standards.

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Minimum Lot Area

Minimum lot area for subdivisions not less than 100 sqm for residential projects.

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Medium Cost vs Open Market Housing

Refers to different pricing structures in housing under the Presidential Decree 957.

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Traffic Impact Assessment

Required for subdivision projects over 30 hectares to evaluate traffic conditions.

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Fire Escape Requirements

Ladders cannot be used as fire escapes for safety.

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Exit Door Specifications

Exit doors must be side-hinged and swing outward.

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High Hazard Occupancy Requirements

Doors must allow exit travel for 50+ persons in high hazard areas.

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Emergency Lighting Standards

Emergency lights must provide illumination for at least 1.5 hours in tall buildings.

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Slide Escape Ratings

Slide escapes must accommodate 60 persons per minute.

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Decorations Near Exits

No decorations should obstruct or confuse exit signs.

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Exit Sign Requirements

Every exit must be marked with 'EXIT' in legible letters at least 15cm high.

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Direct Exit Paths

All exits must lead directly to a public way or discharge area.

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Floor of Discharge

The area where exits discharge, requiring unobstructed access and fire protection.

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Minimum Ceiling Height

The required headroom must be at least 2.3 meters, with ceiling projections at 2.0 meters or more.

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Load Requirements

Stairs and platforms must carry 88 kg/m² or a concentrated load of 136 kg.

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Horizontal Exit

A passage from one building to a refuge in another building at the same level.

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Exit Passageway

A corridor protected by separation, designed to lead to an exit.

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Fire Escape Stairs

Stairways used for egress that cannot exceed 50% of required exits.

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Fire Protection Features

Systems such as automatic smoke detection and water curtains to prevent fire spread.

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Types of Fire Escape Stairs

Includes return platform types and straight runs, ensuring safe exits.

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Concentrated Use Occupant Load

Maximum space per person for assembly areas without fixed seats, set at 0.65 m²/person.

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Less Concentrated Use Occupant Load

Space requirement for assembly areas with fixed seats, defined at 1.4 m²/person.

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Standing Room Occupant Load

Space allocation for standing areas or waiting spaces, at 0.28 m²/person.

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Classroom Occupant Load

Designated space required for classrooms is 1.80 m²/person.

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Shop and Laboratory Load

Educational spaces like shops and vocational rooms need 1.40 m²/person.

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Dry Nursery Load

Sleeping facilities in dry nurseries need 3.25 m²/person.

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Sleeping Department Load

Dormitory or sleeping areas in health care need 11 m²/person.

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In-Patient Treatment Department Load

Space for in-patient treatment areas is not specified but relates to patient care.

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Study Notes

Building Laws - Key Provisions

  • Building laws apply to the design, location, siting, construction, alteration, repair, conversion, use, occupancy, maintenance, moving, demolition of buildings and structures. Traditional dwellings are excluded.
  • Construction includes all on-site work from preparation, excavation, foundation, component assembly, and utility installation.

Construction Types

  • Erection: Installing components of a building in place.
  • Addition: Increasing the height or area of an existing building.
  • Alteration: Changes to materials, partitioning, openings, or structural parts, without increasing overall area.
  • Renovation: Changes to increase value, utility, or aesthetic quality.
  • Conversion: Change in building use or occupancy.
  • Repair: Restoring damaged or deteriorated parts of a building.
  • Moving: Transferring a building (or part) to another location.
  • Demolition: Systematic dismantling or destruction of a building.
  • Ancillary Structure: A secondary building on the same premises as the main building.

Building Official

  • The official is responsible for issuing building permits and ensuring code compliance.
  • They can inspect buildings and order work stoppage or discontinuance of use if necessary.

Building Permits

  • Written authorization granted by the Building Official to construct a specific project within code compliance.
  • Includes plans, specifications, and other supporting documents.

Building Permit Exemptions

  • Minor construction such as sheds, playhouses, aviaries, poultry houses under 6 square meters are exempt, providing they're detached from other buildings and used by the owners.
  • Additions of open-air terraces, or patios up to 20 square meters, if for private use, are also exempt.
  • Other minor alterations or repairs, under specific limits, are also exempt.

Building Permits Requirements

  • Application form
  • Plans and specifications signed by licensed architects and engineers
  • Certified copies of Title Certificates (TCT) and Tax Declarations for lot owners
  • Notarized copies of contracts (lease, sale) for non-lot owners

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