CLASS 6 Buddhism and Jainism in 6th Century BCE
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Questions and Answers

What happened to the original Bodhi tree under which the Buddha sat?

  • It was stolen by foreign invaders.
  • It died or was cut down multiple times. (correct)
  • It was preserved and still exists today.
  • It transformed into a different species.

What significant act did Sanghamitra perform in Sri Lanka?

  • She built a monastery for Buddhist monks.
  • She converted the king to Buddhism.
  • She wrote the first Buddhist scripture.
  • She planted a part of the original Bodhi tree. (correct)

What was Angulimala required to provide as a gurudakshina to his teacher?

  • 1,000 fingers from different victims. (correct)
  • 1,000 flowers from different gardens.
  • 1,000 coins of gold.
  • 1,000 different fruits.

What did Buddha mean when he said to Angulimala, 'I have already stopped'?

<p>He had stopped harming living beings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What transformation did Angulimala undergo after encountering the Buddha?

<p>He renounced violence and became a monk. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one significant reason for the growth of Jainism and Buddhism in the 6th century BCE?

<p>The rigid caste system. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the complex and expensive rituals of Hinduism contribute to the rise of Jainism and Buddhism?

<p>They were burdensome and limited access for common people. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups likely resented the brahmins' dominance in the caste system?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What language did the common people in the 6th century BCE primarily speak, which lacked understanding of the religious texts?

<p>Pali and Prakrit. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What societal change contributed to people questioning traditional Vedic practices?

<p>The teachings of the Upanishads and wandering ascetics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of brahmins in the context of Hindu rituals?

<p>They wrote the Vedas and performed rituals that only they understood. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains why the caste system was seen as a problem by certain groups during this period?

<p>It created social divisions and inequalities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why were the rituals that required sacrifices particularly unpopular among farmers?

<p>They disrupted agricultural activities and demanded valuable animals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Mahayana Buddhists from Hinayana Buddhists?

<p>Mahayana Buddhists believe in idol worship. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Sangha play in Buddhism?

<p>It maintained and spread the teachings of Buddha. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are stupas primarily used for?

<p>To preserve the relics of the Buddha. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which king was a notable patron of Buddhism during its spread?

<p>King Ashoka (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Jataka Tales?

<p>Previous births and lessons of the Buddha. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Jainism and Buddhism?

<p>Jainism believes in the existence of an eternal soul, but Buddhism does not. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Buddhism decline in many parts of India?

<p>Due to the destruction of monasteries by the Huns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of ahimsa in both Jainism and Buddhism?

<p>It facilitates the attainment of nirvana. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were Buddhist monasteries known for besides serving as places for living monks?

<p>Being centers of learning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Tripitaka?

<p>A compilation of Buddha's teachings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Buddhism?

<p>Belief in an eternal soul. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region saw the spread of Buddhism primarily due to Kanishka?

<p>Central Asia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Mahavira' mean in the context of Jainism?

<p>The conqueror of the self (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mahatma Gandhi view ahimsa?

<p>As a crucial method for resolving conflicts non-violently. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which teaching is central to both Jainism and Buddhism?

<p>Ahimsa, or non-violence, is essential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What commonality exists between Buddhism and Jainism?

<p>Both religions deny the authority of the Vedas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which century did Vardhamana Mahavira live?

<p>6th century BCE (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three jewels or triratnas in Jainism?

<p>Right belief, right knowledge, and right action (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the two main sects that emerged in Jainism after Mahavira?

<p>Svetambaras and Digambaras (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which language did Mahavira use to preach his teachings?

<p>Prakrit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where did Gautama Buddha attain enlightenment?

<p>Bodh Gaya (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the Buddha's teachings is incorrect?

<p>The caste system is necessary for society (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Bodhi tree in Buddhism?

<p>It symbolizes knowledge and enlightenment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle did Siddhartha Gautama initially adopt to seek enlightenment?

<p>A life of extreme asceticism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'moksha' represent in Jainism?

<p>Liberation from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Buddha advocate as the path to overcome suffering?

<p>Following the middle path (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Mahavira's view on religious rituals differ from traditional practices?

<p>He rejected elaborate and expensive rituals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Mahavira's teachings attracted many followers?

<p>His accessibility through the language of the people (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the ultimate effect of Buddha's encounter with Angulimala?

<p>Angulimala renounced killing and became a monk. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant contribution of Sanghamitra in spreading Buddhism?

<p>She took a sapling from the Bodhi tree to Sri Lanka. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the story of Angulimala highlights the essence of Buddha's teachings?

<p>The importance of recognizing one's own actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Bodhi tree at Bodh Gaya continue to exist despite the original tree's demise?

<p>New saplings were continually planted from the original tree. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivated Angulimala to resort to killing in the first place?

<p>His teacher mandated a brutal gurudakshina. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed to the resentment of the kshatriyas toward the brahmins during the 6th century BCE?

<p>Kshatriyas were responsible for protecting people and managing administration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one major implication of the rigid caste system during the 6th century BCE?

<p>It restricted the movement of people across caste lines. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did common people demand a simpler religion during the 6th century BCE?

<p>They found Sanskrit difficult to understand. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the demand for simpler religious practices affect the Vedic religion in the 6th century BCE?

<p>It resulted in the emergence of Jainism and Buddhism. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the religious rituals in Hinduism contributed to their unpopularity among the common people?

<p>They required significant financial resources and animal sacrifices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant motivation behind the questioning of traditional Vedic practices during the 6th century BCE?

<p>The demand for equality and understanding in religion grew. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the language of religious texts play in the discontent of the common people?

<p>The texts were deliberately made difficult to understand. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the general attitude towards brahmins by the vaishyas during the 6th century BCE?

<p>Vaishyas resented their lack of social standing despite wealth. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What practice did Mahavira emphasize as a central tenet of Jainism?

<p>Non-violence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the main difference between the Digambaras and the Svetambaras sects?

<p>Their practices regarding clothing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the three jewels or 'triratnas' emphasized in Jainism for achieving liberation?

<p>Right faith, right knowledge, right action (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of life according to Mahavira's teachings?

<p>Attaining moksha (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant action taken by Siddhartha Gautama that marked his transformation into the Buddha?

<p>Meditating under a Bodhi tree (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which principle reflects the Buddha’s approach to the extremes of life?

<p>The middle path (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one reason Mahavira's message gained popularity among common people?

<p>He preached in Prakrit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following teachings is central to both Jainism and Buddhism?

<p>Ahimsa or non-violence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What language did the Buddha primarily use to communicate his teachings to the people?

<p>Prakrit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What concept did the Buddha reject in his teachings?

<p>The elaborate Vedic rituals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Mahavira's life contributed to his status as a significant religious figure?

<p>His extensive travels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the four sights witnessed by Siddhartha Gautama inspire him to do?

<p>Seek enlightenment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does nirvana represent in Buddhist teachings?

<p>A state free from suffering and desire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the lifespan of Mahavira as per the traditions of Jainism?

<p>72 years (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary belief that distinguishes Hinayana Buddhists from Mahayana Buddhists?

<p>Emphasis on the four noble truths and meditation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which emperor played a crucial role in the promotion of Buddhism during the 3rd century BCE?

<p>Ashoka (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the collective term for the three books that make up the Tripitaka?

<p>Sutra Pitaka, Vinaya Pitaka, and Abhidharma Pitaka (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were stupas primarily used for in Buddhism?

<p>Preservation of Buddhist relics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concept that Jainism upholds that Buddhism does not?

<p>Emphasis on asceticism and extreme penance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which societal factor contributed to the decline of Buddhism in India?

<p>The reformation of Hinduism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with the Sangha in Buddhism?

<p>It was a monastic order of laypeople (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major cultural impact did Buddhism have on regions outside India?

<p>The establishment of unique Buddhist art and architecture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Buddhism did Mahatma Gandhi emphasize in his beliefs?

<p>The rejection of all forms of violence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the relationship between Jainism and Buddhism is accurate?

<p>Jainism promotes the extreme form of ahimsa. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Bhikshus play in the spread of Buddhism?

<p>They were custodians of Buddhist texts and teachings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique feature of the Jataka Tales?

<p>They recount the various forms Buddha took in previous lives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What critical concept related to conflict resolution is highlighted by the principle of ahimsa?

<p>Non-violence as a means of peaceful resolution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way is the concept of nirvana perceived differently in Buddhism compared to Jainism?

<p>Jainism considers it to involve withdrawal from all worldly things. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Later Vedic Age

Period marking the emergence of new religious ideas and movements, including Jainism and Buddhism.

Rigid Caste System

Caste system in the 6th century BCE becoming inflexible, creating social unrest.

Brahmins

Primarily priests and teachers, considered supreme in the caste system.

Complex Rituals

Elaborate ceremonies and sacrifices in Hinduism, often expensive and impractical for common people.

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Sanskrit Language

Sacred language of Hindu texts, making religious knowledge inaccessible to common people.

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Jainism and Buddhism

New religions challenging the Vedic tradition, gaining traction against the prevailing order.

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6th Century BCE

Period of significant change and emergence of new religious movements.

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Upanishads

Hindu philosophical texts encouraging critical thinking about rituals and traditions.

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Bodhi Tree

The sacred fig tree where the Buddha is said to have attained enlightenment. It has been replaced multiple times, yet maintains its spiritual significance.

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Angulimala's Transformation

A killer, Angulimala, is moved by the Buddha's compassion and renounces violence to become a monk.

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Sanghamitra's Mission

An important Buddhist figure, Sanghamitra carried a sapling of the original Bodhi tree to Sri Lanka spreading Buddhism

Signup and view all the flashcards

Buddha's Compassion

Buddha's ability to change Angulimala's life through peacefulness and understanding

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Angulimala's Quest

Angulimala's need to collect 1000 fingers from victims to become his teacher's student.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jainism

A religion based on the teachings of Tirthankaras, focusing on non-violence (ahimsa) and liberation (moksha).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tirthankara

A spiritual leader in Jainism who has attained liberation and teaches the path to it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mahavira

The 24th Tirthankara, often considered the founder of Jainism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ahimsa

The principle of non-violence, a central teaching in Jainism and Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Moksha

Liberation (salvation) from the cycle of birth and rebirth in Jainism and Hinduism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Triratnas

The three jewels in Jainism – right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Digambaras

One of the two main sects in Jainism where monks wear no clothes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Svetambaras

One of the two main Jain sects where monks wear white clothes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Buddhism

A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Siddhartha Gautama

The founder of Buddhism, known as the Buddha.

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Four Noble Truths

The core of Buddha's teachings on the nature of suffering and the path to liberation.

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Eightfold Path

The practical path to enlightenment in Buddhism, showing how to cease craving and suffering.

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Nirvana

The state of liberation and freedom from suffering in Buddhism.

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Middle Path

The path of moderation, avoiding extremes of self-denial and excessive indulgence in Buddhism.

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Prakrit

An ancient Indo-Aryan language, spoken by common people.

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Mahayana Buddhism

One of the two main branches of Buddhism, emphasizing rites, ceremonies, and the worship of saints.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Hinayana Buddhism

The other main branch of Buddhism, focusing on following the Four Noble Truths through meditation to achieve nirvana.

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Bhikshus

Buddhist monks.

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Sangha

The Buddhist monastic order.

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Four Noble Truths

Core principles in Buddhism that explain suffering and the path to liberation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nirvana

The ultimate goal in Buddhism, liberation from the cycle of birth and death.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stupas

Dome-shaped structures that house the relics of the Buddha.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tripitakas

Collection of Buddhist scriptures.

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Ashoka

Mauryan king who promoted Buddhism.

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Kanishka

Kushan ruler who spread Buddhism in Central Asia.

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Ahimsa

Principle of non-violence.

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Jataka Tales

Stories about the Buddha's previous lives.

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Decline of Buddhism in India

Factors that led to the decrease of Buddhism in India.

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Monasteries

Religious buildings where monks live and pray.

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Growth of New Religions (6th Century BCE)

New religions like Jainism and Buddhism emerged in response to social and religious dissatisfaction with existing Vedic practices.

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Rigid Caste System

The caste system in the 6th century BCE became very strict and inflexible, leading to inequalities and resentment.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Complex Rituals

Elaborate ceremonies and sacrifices in Hinduism which were often seen as expensive, impractical for most people, and required animal sacrifices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sanskrit Language

Sanskrit was the sacred language used for Hindu religious texts, making religious knowledge exclusive to the Brahmin priestly class.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jainism

A religion emphasizing non-violence (ahimsa) and achieving liberation (moksha) through spiritual practice.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Buddhism

A religion and philosophy founded by Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) based on understanding suffering and the path to liberation.

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Ahimsa

The principle of non-violence and avoiding harm to any living thing.

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Four Noble Truths

The fundamental principles in Buddhism that explain suffering and the path to liberation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mahayana Buddhism

A branch of Buddhism emphasizing rites, ceremonies, and the worship of saints.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bodhi Tree Replacement

The sacred fig tree where the Buddha achieved enlightenment, has been replaced multiple times, yet maintained its spiritual importance through new saplings from the original.

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Hinayana Buddhism

A branch of Buddhism focusing on personal enlightenment through meditation and following the Four Noble Truths.

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Angulimala's Transformation

A murderer, Angulimala, was transformed into a Buddhist monk through the compassion of the Buddha, renouncing his violent ways.

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Bhikshus

Buddhist Monks.

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Sanghamitra's Mission

Princess Sanghamitra carried a sapling of the original Bodhi tree to Sri Lanka, planting it and spreading Buddhism.

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Buddha's Compassion

Buddha's ability to change Angulimala, a killer, by demonstrating peacefulness and understanding, convincing him to renounce violence.

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Sangha

The Buddhist monastic order.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Angulimala's Quest

Angulimala's need to collect 1000 fingers from victims to qualify as a student for his teacher, resulting in harm to others.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Four Noble Truths

Core principles of Buddhism explaining suffering and the path to liberation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nirvana

The state of liberation from suffering in Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stupas

Dome-shaped structures housing relics of the Buddha.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tripitakas

The collection of Buddhist scriptures.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ashoka

Mauryan king who promoted Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Decline of Buddhism in India

Factors that led to the decrease of Buddhism in India.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ahimsa

The principle of non-violence in Jainism and Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jataka Tales

Stories about the Buddha's previous lives.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Monasteries

Religious buildings where Buddhist monks live and pray

Signup and view all the flashcards

Growth of New Religions (6th Century BCE)

Period of significant new religious movements like Jainism and Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Middle Path

The path of moderation in Buddhism, avoiding extremes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Jainism

A religion emphasizing non-violence (ahimsa) and liberation (moksha) through the teachings of Tirthankaras.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tirthankara

A spiritual leader in Jainism who has achieved liberation and teaches the path to it.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mahavira

The 24th Tirthankara, often considered the founder of Jainism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Ahimsa

The principle of non-violence, a core teaching in Jainism and Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Moksha

Liberation or salvation from the cycle of birth and rebirth (samsara).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Triratnas

The three jewels of Jainism: right faith, right knowledge, and right conduct.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Digambaras

One of the two main Jain sects where monks traditionally wear no clothes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Svetambaras

One of the two main Jain sects where monks wear white clothes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Buddhism

A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Siddhartha Gautama

The founder of Buddhism, also known as the Buddha.

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Four Noble Truths

Core principles in Buddhism that explain the nature of suffering and the path to liberation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eightfold Path

The practical path to enlightenment in Buddhism, outlining actions to cease desire and suffering.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nirvana

The final goal in Buddhism, a state of liberation from suffering and rebirth.

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Middle Path

The path of moderation in Buddhism, avoiding extremes of self-denial and indulgence.

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