29 Questions
What is the source of the energy for diffusion?
The kinetic energy of the random movement of molecules and ions
What is the relationship between the size of a cell or structure and its surface area to volume ratio?
The larger the cell or structure, the smaller its surface area to volume ratio
What is the purpose of the increased surface area adaptations in some cells?
To increase the rate of diffusion
What is the main driving force behind Brownian motion?
The constant collisions between molecules and ions
What is the main function of the increased surface area adaptations in cells?
To increase the rate of simple diffusion
What is the effect on an animal cell when placed in a strong sugar solution?
The cell will shrivel up and become crenated
What happens to an animal cell when placed in distilled water?
The cell will absorb water and eventually burst
What is the relationship between the water potential of a red blood cell and the surrounding solution in an isotonic solution?
The water potential is equal between the red blood cell and the solution
What is the effect on animal cells when placed in a hypotonic solution?
The cells will swell and may eventually burst
What is the effect on animal cells when placed in a hypertonic solution?
The cells will shrivel up and become crenated
What is the main difference between animal cells and plant cells in terms of osmosis?
Animal cells are more severely affected by changes in water potential due to the lack of a cell wall
Which process involves the movement of water through a partially permeable membrane from a more concentrated to a more dilute solution?
Osmosis
In the investigation with potato cylinders and salt solutions, why did the mass of the potato cylinder increase after 24 hours?
The salt solution has a higher water potential than the potato cells.
What is the primary driving force behind osmosis?
Concentration gradient
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will happen to the cell?
It will shrink and shrivel.
How does osmosis differ from active transport?
Osmosis is passive, while active transport is active.
What would happen to an animal cell placed in a hypotonic solution?
It would burst.
What is the main driving force for water molecules to move out of the potato cells?
Osmosis
On a dry day, how does a water vapor molecule move from the air space of a leaf into the atmosphere?
Evaporation
Which process, common to both diffusion and osmosis, does not require energy from the cell?
Molecules move from a dilute to a more concentrated solution
What happened to red blood cells immersed in a pure solution of water?
They expanded due to water entering the cells
Which process involves the movement of solute molecules from high concentration to low concentration?
Diffusion
What is the common feature between diffusion and osmosis?
Both involve movement along a concentration gradient
Why is osmosis important for plant cells?
To prevent too much water from entering the cell and causing it to burst
What happens when water enters a plant cell by osmosis?
The cell becomes rigid and firm
How does turgor pressure in plant cells play a role in osmosis?
It prevents water from moving into the cell by osmosis
Why does water move from the soil into root cells by osmosis?
Because the soil water has a lower water potential than inside the root cells
What happens to plant roots when they are surrounded by soil water?
Water enters the root hair cells by osmosis
How does osmosis contribute to maintaining a concentration gradient in plants?
By facilitating water movement from root cells to xylem vessels
This quiz covers the concept of Brownian motion where all particles move randomly, as well as factors that influence diffusion such as surface area to volume ratio. Learn about how the kinetic energy from random movement affects diffusion rates.
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