22 Questions
Which bronchodilator was found to be more effective in relieving dyspnea and had a quicker onset of action compared to ipratropium bromide in a study?
Albuterol
Which short-acting beta2-agonist was taken off the market in many countries due to its adverse effects on the heart?
Fenoterol
Which class of medication is recommended for all stages of COPD?
Short-acting beta2-agonists
Which bronchodilator has shown some benefit in bronchodilation and dyspnea for stable COPD patients but has limited use for COPD?
Albuterol
Which short-acting beta2-agonist provides effective relief of symptoms and prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm?
Salbutamol
Which bronchodilator resulted in similar improvements in lung function and health status compared to albuterol in a study comparing the two medications?
Ipratropium bromide
What is the most commonly used SABA in the USA?
Albuterol
Which SABA shows the most potent effect on peripheral muscles due to its non-selectivity for beta receptors?
Isoprenaline
What effect do SABAs have on lung function decline?
No effect on lung function decline
Which LABA showed significant bronchoprotective properties against challenges like methacholine and adenosine monophosphate?
Formoterol
What is considered the minimal clinically important difference in FEV1 required to relieve symptoms and escalate to recovery?
15%
Which anticholinergic agent has demonstrated superiority over ipratropium in improving lung function and health-related quality of life?
Tiotropium
What was found to be associated with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events in a recent systematic review and meta-analysis?
Tiotropium
Which type of adverse effects are typically dose-dependent and mild for all SABAs?
Systemic effects
What have studies shown regarding the benefits of LABAs used in patients with stable COPD compared to a placebo?
Significant decrease in exacerbations requiring steroids only
Which respiratory challenge showed significant bronchoprotective properties with arformoterol?
Adenosine monophosphate
Why did the FDA approve the use of tiotropium and salmeterol in combination for COPD patients?
To focus on a trial of dual bronchodilator therapy as a stepping up strategy
Why is combination therapy less well defined in COPD compared to asthma?
Due to the bronchodilator effect being less in COPD patients compared to asthmatics
What was the rationale behind including a trial of dual bronchodilator therapy in the GOLD guidelines?
To provide a combination therapy option for patients with co-existing asthma and COPD
Why was there a previous assumption that only anticholinergics should be used in COPD management?
Because anticholinergics were believed to be more suitable for severe stages of COPD
Why might the anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids in combination inhalers confound the interpretation of bronchodilator monotherapy in COPD?
Because corticosteroids can mask the bronchodilator effects of monotherapy
What makes combination therapy relevant for some COPD patients?
The ability to achieve synergistic effects by targeting multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms
Explore the effectiveness and recommendations for short-acting beta2-agonists in relieving dyspnea and acute exacerbations of COPD. Learn about a study comparing ipratropium bromide and albuterol, and how bronchodilators play a crucial role in managing COPD and asthma.
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