10 Questions
What is the prognosis for a baby with viral bronchiolitis?
Recovers within 15 to 20 days
Which of these is a rare condition found predominantly in adults with a history of asthma?
Follicular Bronchiolitis
Which treatment can provide temporary improvement for severe episodes of bronchiolitis?
IV ceftriaxone
What is a common complication of constrictive bronchiolitis in the context of lung transplantation?
Typical lung biopsy
Which condition is characterized by inflammation, scarring, and obliteration of airways?
Constrictive Bronchiolitis
Which sign indicates a late-stage bronchiolitis?
Wheezing after two weeks of cough
Which condition is commonly associated with interstitial fibrosis and honeycombing?
NSIP/ILD
What are common early signs of bronchiolitis?
Difficulty breathing and fast breathing
Which scenario typically shows a cylindrical dilatation of the small airways?
2B-ILD
Which syndrome is primarily indicated by chest pain and temporary reduced blood flow to the heart?
Angitation Phenomenon
Study Notes
Small Airways Disease
- Bronchiolitis: Inflammation of small airways, similar to a cold affecting the small airways
- Prognosis: Recovery within 15-20 days
- Early signs: Difficulty breathing, cough, wheezing, and fast breathing
- Late signs: Persistent cough, wheezing after 2 weeks
- Treatment: Inhaled steroids for persistent wheezing, antibiotics (IV ceftriaxone) for severe episodes
Types of Small Airways Disease
- Follicular Bronchiolitis: Rare condition associated with asthma, affecting epithelium, immune cells, and smooth muscle cells
- Characteristics: Ground-glass opacities, dilated bronchi, centrilobular nodules
- Typically affects adults with a history of asthma
- Constrictive Bronchiolitis: Rare, irreversible inflammatory condition affecting small airways
- Causes: Previous lung transplant, severe pneumonia, inflammatory processes
- Characteristics: Inflammation, scarring, and obliteration of airways
- Diagnosis: Lung biopsy in the context of lung transplantation
Angitation Phenomenon
- Signal to learn: Cardiac and respiratory arrhythmias, gasping, and agitation
- Location to inspect: Area between heart and upper abdomen for signs of heart failure (enlargement of the right ventricle)
- Importance: Right ventricle and pulmonary artery are crucial due to backflow from the left side of the heart
Saudi Airway Disease
- Bronchiectasis: Characterized by brown discoloration, cylindrical dilatation, formation of new bronchi, and adjacent small vessels
- Symptoms: Breathing difficulties, persistent coughing of greenish mucus, frequent respiratory infections
- 2B-ILD: Characteristics: Interstitial fibrosis with honeycombing, thickening of interlobular septa with fibrosis, dilated airspaces
- Symptoms: Feeling of inability to breathe deeply, shortness of breath, dry cough
- NSIP/ILD: Characteristics: Ground glass opacities, consolidation
- Symptoms: Shortness of breath, dry cough
Learn about bronchiolitis, an inflammation of the small airways, its symptoms, prognosis, and treatment options. Understand the early and late signs of this condition and what helps to alleviate it.
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