Broadcasting vs. Narrowcasting

A type of media production aimed at reaching a large and diverse audience (e.g., traditional television broadcasts).

A type of media production aimed at reaching specific, smaller groups of people with shared interests (e.g., specialized cable channels, online communities).

The process of dividing an audience into different groups based on shared characteristics, allowing media producers to tailor content to specific segments.

A specific group of people a media producer wants to reach, often characterized by similar spending habits and preferences.

Audience segmentation based on geographical location, often used for local businesses.

Audience segmentation based on measurable characteristics like age, gender, income, education, and ethnicity.

Audience segmentation based on shared interests, hobbies, and activities, such as travel, sports, or fashion.

Audience segmentation based on psychological traits like personality, values, attitudes, and motivations.

The ability to see without being seen, or to be seen without seeing the person. This refers to the collection of information without the knowledge or consent of the individual being observed.

The digital traces we leave behind as we interact with technology, such as browsing history, location data, and social media activity.

This refers to a society where technology constantly monitors and collects data about our activities and states, often without our explicit awareness.

The collection of data about individuals and their activities through various means, often without their knowledge or explicit consent. This data is used for a variety of purposes, including marketing, profiling, and surveillance.

Surveillance conducted by government agencies to monitor potential criminal activity and dissent. This can include activities like wiretapping, data collection, and tracking.

Direct monitoring of individuals through specific methods like surveillance cameras, wiretapping, or tracking devices. This involves explicit actions to observe or collect information about someone.

A collection of data points on individuals, used by advertisers to understand and target them.

Databases that store user profiles, sorted by relevant information desired by advertisers.

Data collected directly from a website or platform, providing insights into users' activities on that specific site.

Data purchased from data brokers, providing a broader view of user behavior across various platforms.

A perspective that views children as vulnerable individuals who need protection from the potentially harmful effects of media.

A perspective that sees children as a target demographic for advertising and marketing.

Media content designed to promote positive social and emotional development in children.

Online affinity networks (OANs) are communities built around shared interests or enthusiasms, often forming online spaces for individuals to connect and engage with others who share their passions.

The process of media becoming interconnected and interdependent across different cultures and economies.

Importing and exporting media content while considering the needs and preferences of consumers in different national markets.

A factor in media globalization that allows for communication and relationships across cultural boundaries.

A factor in media globalization where economies and markets become intertwined through media production and distribution.

The opening up of foreign markets for media content, driven by political policies.

The loosening of ownership regulations in the media industry, allowing for more international investment and mergers.

The use of advanced technologies like satellites and digital networks to facilitate the rapid transmission and distribution of media content globally.

The increased movement of people across borders, leading to the spread of different cultures and media preferences.

A video that gains popularity through user-led sharing, spreading rapidly across networks.

Features within a video that encourage sharing and replication, making it more likely to go viral.

The idea that viral videos and memes are not just isolated pieces of content, but rather part of a larger networked practice.

Individuals who create content consistently and build a large following, often using participatory platforms like YouTube.

Companies that manage influencers by providing resources and support in exchange for a share of their earnings.

The idea that users contribute their time and creativity to online platforms, often without direct financial compensation.

The process by which user-generated content can be used to create profit for corporations.

The practice of steering users towards content that is promoted or sponsored, often without their full awareness.

A method of examining how values, meanings, and power dynamics influence media policy. For example, it could be used to understand how decisions are made about what constitutes "sexual content".

An approach that explores how economic forces shape media policy. It examines how wealthy donors can influence the agenda and how regulations, like those regarding sexual content moderation, can impact what we see as "appropriate sexuality".

Government oversight intended to prevent anti-competitive practices in the media industry. It aims to ensure fairness and prevent monopolies.

The removal of censorship rules or regulations in the media industry. It's aimed at creating greater competition in the market and reducing costs for consumers.

When media companies merge with other media companies, consolidating different divisions (newspapers, television, radio) under a single corporate umbrella.

A model where a company controls all aspects of a media product's creation, distribution, and exhibition. This increases efficiency and streamlines profits.

A model where a company owns several different media divisions (newspapers, TV channels, radio stations). This spreads risk and allows for synergy by leveraging different divisions for mutual benefit.

The coordination of different media divisions within a company to create a combined effect that is greater than the sum of its parts. It involves leveraging diverse media assets for maximum profit, like using a film to launch a TV series.