Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following figures is credited with establishing the emirate of Dubai?
Which of the following figures is credited with establishing the emirate of Dubai?
What was a significant consequence of the treaties signed between the Trucial States and Britain in the 19th century?
What was a significant consequence of the treaties signed between the Trucial States and Britain in the 19th century?
In what context did the Maritime Truce of 1835 come into effect?
In what context did the Maritime Truce of 1835 come into effect?
What was the primary economic significance of Dalma during the 19th century?
What was the primary economic significance of Dalma during the 19th century?
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What was a key term of the General Maritime Treaty of 1820?
What was a key term of the General Maritime Treaty of 1820?
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Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the treaties signed with the British?
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the treaties signed with the British?
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Following the death of Sheikh Sultan bin Saqr al-Qasimi, how was the Qawasim State impacted?
Following the death of Sheikh Sultan bin Saqr al-Qasimi, how was the Qawasim State impacted?
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What role did the introduction of postal service play in the region's economic expansion?
What role did the introduction of postal service play in the region's economic expansion?
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What was the primary motivation behind the British accusing the Qawasim of piracy in the 18th century?
What was the primary motivation behind the British accusing the Qawasim of piracy in the 18th century?
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Which agreement led to the Arabian Gulf region being referred to as the 'Trucial States'?
Which agreement led to the Arabian Gulf region being referred to as the 'Trucial States'?
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What was the main effect of the treaties signed between the British and the local rulers in the 19th century?
What was the main effect of the treaties signed between the British and the local rulers in the 19th century?
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Which of these statements is true about Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan?
Which of these statements is true about Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan?
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What was the role of Qasr al-Hosn during Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan's rule?
What was the role of Qasr al-Hosn during Sheikh Zayed bin Khalifa Al Nahyan's rule?
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Why did the Al Maktoum family migrate from Abu Dhabi to Dubai in 1833?
Why did the Al Maktoum family migrate from Abu Dhabi to Dubai in 1833?
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What was the Qawasim’s navy like in the 18th century?
What was the Qawasim’s navy like in the 18th century?
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What role did the Bani Yas tribe play in the development of the UAE in the 1800s?
What role did the Bani Yas tribe play in the development of the UAE in the 1800s?
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Study Notes
British Influence in the Southern Arabian Gulf
- British attempted to expand influence and control shipping/trade in the 18th century
- Qawasim's large navy (over 60 ships, 15,000 sailors) challenged British sea power
- British accused Qawasim of piracy (later deemed a myth) to justify control of trade routes
- Foundations of the UAE formed in the 1800s with Bani Yas and Qawasim consolidating power
- Treaties with the British Empire (1830s onwards)
- 1853 Perpetual Maritime Truce ended sea conflicts
- 1892 Exclusive Treaty established Trucial States, restricting other European countries
- Britain represented Trucial States in foreign dealings
Local and International Developments (1800-1914)
- Sheikh Shakhbout bin Dhiyab and sons ruled Abu Dhabi (1795-1845)
- Zayed bin Khalifa al-Nahyan (1855-1909) longest-reigning ruler in Abu Dhabi and grandfather of Sheikh Zayed.
- Abu Dhabi became most important power in southeastern Arabia by late 1800s
- Qasr al-Hosn in Abu Dhabi was Zayed's center of power (meeting place, resolving disputes)
- Al Maktoum family migrated from Abu Dhabi to Dubai (1833)
- Maktoum bin Butti established Dubai emirate in 1830s
- Rahma bin Matar al-Qasimi established Qawasim State early 1800s
- Qawasim State split into Sharjah and Ras al-Khaimah after death of Sultan bin Saqr al-Qasimi in 1866 (remaining parts of Iran still kept by Qawasim)
- Economy boosted by postal service enabling merchants to communicate through Arabian Gulf and India faster
Treaties of the 19th Century
- 1820 General Maritime Treaty aimed to stop conflicts at sea and limit ship size and fortifications
- 1835 Maritime Truce: ban on acts of war at sea (pearling season) and allowed Indian naval forces to patrol pearl banks.
- 1843 Ten Years' Truce: British support for patrolling fleets.
- 1853 Perpetual Treaty of Maritime Peace: permanent peace at sea
- 1892 exclusive agreements secured British military protection of Gulf sheikdoms, but limited local autonomy in foreign policy and negotiations.
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Description
Explore the complex relationship between the British Empire and the local powers in the Southern Arabian Gulf from the 18th century to the early 20th century. This quiz delves into the strategies used by the British to expand their influence, the challenges posed by local naval powers, and the significant treaties that shaped the region's trade dynamics. Test your knowledge on the key figures and events that defined this historical period.
