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Questions and Answers
What was the result of the British taking over Delhi in 1803?
What was the result of the British taking over Delhi in 1803?
Which of the following best describes Lord Dalhousie's Doctrine of Lapse?
Which of the following best describes Lord Dalhousie's Doctrine of Lapse?
What was a consequence of the Treaty signed by Lord Lake with Ranjit Singh?
What was a consequence of the Treaty signed by Lord Lake with Ranjit Singh?
What aspect caused resentment among Indian rulers due to Dalhousie's policies?
What aspect caused resentment among Indian rulers due to Dalhousie's policies?
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Which condition was part of the subsidiary alliance principle?
Which condition was part of the subsidiary alliance principle?
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Study Notes
The British Defeat the Marathas
- The Battle of Delhi in 1803 marked a significant British victory, led by General Lord Lake.
- Lord Lake successfully defeated Maratha leader Sindhia and took control of Delhi.
- Mughal Emperor Shah Alam was confined to the Red Fort, with the British exerting full control over the city.
- A peace treaty was signed by Lord Lake with Ranjit Singh, acknowledging Singh's dominion over territories east of the Sutlej River.
- British expansion continued with the annexation of Sindh in 1843, Punjab in 1849, and Burma in 1852, following the first Anglo-Afghan War.
Causes of the War of Independence: Doctrine of Lapse
- Under Lord Dalhousie's administration (1848-1856), eight princely states were annexed within eight years, exemplifying aggressive British expansionism.
- The Doctrine of Lapse stipulated that if a Hindu ruler died without a biological heir, their state would be annexed by the British.
- This policy affected several Hindu states: Satara was annexed in 1848, Sambalpur in 1850, Udaipur in 1852, Jhansi in 1853, and Nagpur in 1854.
- It also applied to the Muslim state of Awadh, which was annexed in 1856, inciting widespread resentment among Indian rulers.
- The British abolished titles and pensions for several rulers, including Nana Sahib, Raja of Tanjore, and Nawab of Karnataka.
- Bahadur Shah II was informed that upon his death, his son would only be granted the title of prince, not king.
Did You Know?
- The Subsidiary Alliance required princes to accept a British Resident at their court, influencing treaties with neighboring states.
- It also mandated that only British advisers could be employed in their states, limiting foreign influence.
- The Governor Generals, appointed by the English Parliament through the Charter Act of 1833, oversaw both military and civilian matters, solidifying British control in India.
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Description
Explore the British conquest of the Marathas, focusing on the pivotal Battle of Delhi in 1803. Discover how Lord Lake's strategies subjugated the Maratha leader Sindhia and laid the foundation for British authority in India. Learn about the subsequent territorial changes and treaties that shaped the region.
