Breathing and Gas Exchange Quiz

The process of exchanging oxygen from the atmosphere with carbon dioxide produced by the body's cells.

A respiratory system found in invertebrates like sponges and earthworms. Gas exchange occurs directly through the body surface.

A network of tubes in insects that carry oxygen directly to their cells.

Specialized organs in aquatic animals like fish and mollusks that extract oxygen dissolved in water.

A structure found in some aquatic animals like mollusks and arthropods that resembles a book and is used for gas exchange.

The upper part of the throat that connects the nasal cavity to the larynx.

The voice box, a cartilaginous structure that helps in sound production.

Volume of air inhaled or exhaled during a normal breath.

The opening of the larynx.

The additional volume of air you can inhale after a normal breath by taking a deep breath.

The extra volume of air you can exhale after a normal breath by forcefully expelling air.

The volume of air that remains in the lungs even after a forceful exhale.

The total volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhale.

The total volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation.

Represents the total lung volume, including the air that cannot be expelled.

The process by which the lungs take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide.

The process of oxygen detaching from hemoglobin in the tissues.

The transportation of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.

The amount of oxygen that 100 ml of oxygenated blood can deliver to the tissues under normal conditions.

The transport of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs.

Binding of carbon dioxide to hemoglobin in red blood cells, accounting for 25% of CO2 transport.

Conversion of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate ions in red blood cells, representing 70% of CO2 transport.

The control center in the medulla of the brain that regulates breathing rhythm.

A center in the pons of the brain that moderates the respiratory rhythm center, influencing the length of inhalation and breathing rate.

The total amount of air that can be exhaled after a typical breath. It includes the normal breath volume (tidal volume) and the extra air that can be forced out (expiratory reserve volume).

The amount of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhale. It includes the extra air that can be forced out (expiratory reserve volume) and the air that always stays in the lungs (residual volume).

The maximum amount of air a person can inhale after completely exhaling. It includes the extra air you can force out (expiratory reserve volume), normal breath volume (tidal volume), and the extra air you can force in (inspiratory reserve volume).

The total volume of air that your lungs can hold at the end of a maximum inhalation. This includes the air that always stays in the lungs (residual volume), the extra air that can be forced out (expiratory reserve volume), the normal breath volume (tidal volume), and the extra air that can be forced in (inspiratory reserve volume).

The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move between the tiny air sacs in your lungs (alveoli) and your bloodstream, as well as between your bloodstream and your body's tissues.

The movement of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, through the bloodstream.

The pressure exerted by a single gas within a mixture of gases. For example, the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) is the pressure exerted by oxygen in the air.

A graph that shows the relationship between the amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin and the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood. It's shaped like an 'S' and is useful for understanding how factors like carbon dioxide levels, acidity, and temperature affect oxygen binding.