Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of acute mastitis?
What is the primary cause of acute mastitis?
- Trauma to the breast
- Bacterial infection by *Streptococcus pneumoniae*
- Bacterial infection by *Staphylococcus aureus* (correct)
- Viral infection caused by herpes
Which condition is classically associated with multiparous postmenopausal women?
Which condition is classically associated with multiparous postmenopausal women?
- Periductal mastitis
- Mammary duct ectasia (correct)
- Acute mastitis
- Fat necrosis
What is a common clinical presentation of fat necrosis?
What is a common clinical presentation of fat necrosis?
- Erythematous breast with warmth
- Mass on physical examination or abnormal calcifications (correct)
- Green-brown discharge from the nipple
- Purulent nipple discharge
Which inflammatory condition is often seen in smokers?
Which inflammatory condition is often seen in smokers?
What type of discharge is typically associated with mammary duct ectasia?
What type of discharge is typically associated with mammary duct ectasia?
Flashcards
Acute Mastitis
Acute Mastitis
Bacterial infection of the breast often caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Often associated with breastfeeding due to nipple fissures allowing bacteria entry.
Periductal Mastitis
Periductal Mastitis
Inflammation of the subareolar ducts, primarily seen in smokers.
Mammary Duct Ectasia
Mammary Duct Ectasia
Inflammation and enlargement of the subareolar ducts, uncommon and affecting older women.
Fat Necrosis
Fat Necrosis
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Fat Necrosis Presentation
Fat Necrosis Presentation
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Study Notes
ACUTE MASTITIS
- Bacterial infection of the breast, typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus
- Often associated with breastfeeding, as nipple fissures create entry points for microbes
- Characterized by an erythematous (reddened) breast with purulent (pus-filled) nipple discharge
- May progress to abscess formation
- Treatment involves continued drainage (e.g., breastfeeding) and antibiotics (e.g., dicloxacillin)
PERIDUCTAL MASTITIS
- Inflammation of the subareolar ducts (ducts around the nipple)
- Commonly seen in smokers
MAMMARY DUCT ECTASIA
- Inflammation and dilation (widening) of the subareolar ducts
- Relatively rare, most often in multiparous (having given birth more than once) postmenopausal women
- Presents with a periareolar mass (a lump near the nipple) and green-brown nipple discharge
- Biopsy reveals chronic inflammation with plasma cells
FAT NECROSIS
- Necrosis (death) of breast fat tissue
- Often linked to trauma, though a history of trauma may be absent in some cases.
- Manifests as a breast mass, sometimes with abnormal calcifications on mammograms (due to saponification)
- Biopsy shows necrotic fat tissue, along with associated calcifications and giant cells.
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