Breast Inflammatory Conditions PDF

## INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS ### I. ACUTE MASTITIS * Bacterial infection of the breast, usually due to *Staphylococcus aureus* * Associated with breast-feeding; fissures develop in the nipple providing a route of entry for microbes. * Presents as an erythematous breast with purulent nipple disch...

## INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS ### I. ACUTE MASTITIS * Bacterial infection of the breast, usually due to *Staphylococcus aureus* * Associated with breast-feeding; fissures develop in the nipple providing a route of entry for microbes. * Presents as an erythematous breast with purulent nipple discharge, may progress to abscess formation * Treatment involves continued drainage (e.g., feeding) and antibiotics (e.g., dicloxacillin). ### II. PERIDUCTAL MASTITIS * Inflammation of the subareolar ducts * Usually seen in smokers ### III. MAMMARY DUCT ECTASIA * Inflammation with dilation (ectasia) of the subareolar ducts * Rare; classically arises in multiparous postmenopausal women * Presents as a periareolar mass with green-brown nipple discharge (inflammatory debris) * Chronic inflammation with plasma cells is seen on biopsy. ### IV. FAT NECROSIS * Necrosis of breast fat * Usually related to trauma; however, a history of trauma may not always be evident. * Presents as a mass on physical exam or abnormal calcification on mammography (due to saponification) * Biopsy shows necrotic fat with associated calcifications and giant cells.