Podcast
Questions and Answers
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women.
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women.
False
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women.
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women.
True
The risk of breast cancer increases with age.
The risk of breast cancer increases with age.
True
Men are more likely to develop breast cancer than women.
Men are more likely to develop breast cancer than women.
Signup and view all the answers
Early menarche increases the risk of breast cancer.
Early menarche increases the risk of breast cancer.
Signup and view all the answers
Late menopause decreases the risk of breast cancer.
Late menopause decreases the risk of breast cancer.
Signup and view all the answers
Women who take birth control pills have a higher risk of breast cancer.
Women who take birth control pills have a higher risk of breast cancer.
Signup and view all the answers
Women with a family history of breast cancer are at a higher risk of developing the disease.
Women with a family history of breast cancer are at a higher risk of developing the disease.
Signup and view all the answers
Obesity and a high-fat diet increase the risk of breast cancer.
Obesity and a high-fat diet increase the risk of breast cancer.
Signup and view all the answers
Caffeine consumption increases the risk of breast cancer.
Caffeine consumption increases the risk of breast cancer.
Signup and view all the answers
High-dose radiation exposure to the chest increases the risk of breast cancer.
High-dose radiation exposure to the chest increases the risk of breast cancer.
Signup and view all the answers
The higher the stage of breast cancer, the lower the survival rate.
The higher the stage of breast cancer, the lower the survival rate.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of breast cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a sign or symptom of breast cancer?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is NOT a type of surgical management for breast cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a type of surgical management for breast cancer?
Signup and view all the answers
Lumpectomy is a breast-conserving surgery.
Lumpectomy is a breast-conserving surgery.
Signup and view all the answers
Quadrantectomy is a type of surgery that removes the entire breast.
Quadrantectomy is a type of surgery that removes the entire breast.
Signup and view all the answers
Total mastectomy is a type of surgery that removes the entire breast and lymph nodes.
Total mastectomy is a type of surgery that removes the entire breast and lymph nodes.
Signup and view all the answers
Modified radical mastectomy is a type of surgery that removes the entire breast, lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles.
Modified radical mastectomy is a type of surgery that removes the entire breast, lymph nodes, and chest wall muscles.
Signup and view all the answers
Radical mastectomy is rarely performed today because modified radical mastectomy has proven to be just as effective and less disfiguring.
Radical mastectomy is rarely performed today because modified radical mastectomy has proven to be just as effective and less disfiguring.
Signup and view all the answers
The affected arm should be kept in a dependent position to promote drainage.
The affected arm should be kept in a dependent position to promote drainage.
Signup and view all the answers
Patients who have undergone a mastectomy should avoid overuse of the affected arm for several months.
Patients who have undergone a mastectomy should avoid overuse of the affected arm for several months.
Signup and view all the answers
It is important to monitor patients for adverse effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, such as fatigue, nausea, and alopecia.
It is important to monitor patients for adverse effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy, such as fatigue, nausea, and alopecia.
Signup and view all the answers
It is important to provide psychological support to patients throughout the diagnosis and treatment process.
It is important to provide psychological support to patients throughout the diagnosis and treatment process.
Signup and view all the answers
Patients who have undergone a mastectomy should be instructed to perform breast self-exams on the remaining breast.
Patients who have undergone a mastectomy should be instructed to perform breast self-exams on the remaining breast.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Breast Cancer
- Most common cancer type in women, second leading cause of death.
- Carcinoma: Cancer originating in tissue/organ coverings.
- Primarily affects women, incidence peaks 75-80 years.
- Risk factors include:
- Female gender (much higher risk than men)
- Early menarche (<11 years old)
- Late menopause
- Nulliparity (never having a full-term pregnancy)
- Late pregnancy (first child after 35)
- Family history of breast, uterine or ovarian cancer
- High-fat diet
- Obesity
- High estrogen exposure (hormonal factors)
- High alcohol/cigarette consumption
- Radiation exposure (high doses)
- Geographic influence: Western women more prone.
- Contralateral breast/other reproductive organs: Potential correlation and possible consequences.
Carcinoma Risk Factors
- Age: Peak incidence 76-80 years.
- Family history: Previous cancer in reproductive organs.
- Early/late menarche/menopause (hormonal factors)
- Reproductive history: Nulliparity/late term pregnancy, previous cancer.
AJCC Staging
- Cancer characteristics and lymph node involvement.
- Uses TNM system to classify cancer stage.
- Staging is linked to survival rate (higher stage=lower survival rate).
Signs & Symptoms
- Visible lump or dimpled skin.
- Nipple changes (inversion, discharge).
- Skin texture/color changes.
- Pain (dolor)
- Swelling.
Non-surgical Management
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Hormonal manipulation (decreasing estrogen).
Surgical Management
- Lumpectomy: removal of tumor & surrounding tissue.
- Quadrantectomy: removal of a breast quadrant.
- Total mastectomy: removal of entire breast.
- Modified radical mastectomy: removal of breast, underarm lymph nodes, sometimes chest muscles.
- Radical mastectomy: removal of breast, underarm lymph nodes & chest muscles.
Early Detection
- Self-exams (monthly)
- Clinical breast exams (annually)
- Mammograms (based on age & risk factors)
- Early detection is crucial for improved outcomes/survival rates.
Post-Operative Management
- Positions (semi-Fowler's, affected arm elevated).
- Monitoring for complications (lymphedema).
- Wound care.
- Patient support & education.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the key aspects of breast cancer, including its prevalence as the most common cancer among women and its classification as carcinoma. This quiz delves into various risk factors, age-related statistics, and geographic influences that contribute to the disease's incidence. Understand how family history and hormonal factors play a crucial role in breast cancer risk.
