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Questions and Answers
What percentage of all cancer cases in women worldwide is accounted for by breast cancer?
Which type of breast cancer has cancer cells in the lining of the milk ducts and has not invaded surrounding tissue?
What is a common hormonal factor that contributes to the risk of breast cancer?
What is the purpose of a biopsy in breast cancer diagnosis?
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Which type of therapy targets hormone-sensitive cancers in breast cancer treatment?
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What is the name of the procedure that involves the removal of a tumor in breast cancer treatment?
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Study Notes
What is Breast Cancer?
- A type of cancer that originates in the breast tissue
- Can affect both women and men, but more common in women
- Accounts for about 15% of all cancer cases in women worldwide
Types of Breast Cancer
- Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Cancer cells in the lining of the milk ducts, has not invaded surrounding tissue
- Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): Cancer cells invade surrounding tissue
- Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): Cancer cells in the lobules, has not invaded surrounding tissue
- Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC): Cancer cells invade surrounding tissue
Causes and Risk Factors
- Genetics: Family history, inherited genetic mutations (e.g. BRCA1, BRCA2)
- Hormonal factors: Early menstruation, late menopause, hormone replacement therapy
- Lifestyle factors: Obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption
- Environmental factors: Radiation exposure, certain chemicals
Symptoms
- Lump or thickening in the breast or underarm
- Changes in breast size, shape, or color
- Nipple discharge or inversion
- Redness, scaliness, or swelling of the breast
Diagnosis
- Clinical breast examination (CBE)
- Mammography: X-ray of the breast tissue
- Ultrasound: Uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images
- Biopsy: Removal of tissue or cells for examination
Treatment
- Surgery: Lumpectomy (removal of tumor), mastectomy (removal of breast)
- Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells
- Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells
- Hormone therapy: Targets hormone-sensitive cancers
- Targeted therapy: Targets specific cancer cells
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Description
Learn about the types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. Understand the risk factors, detection methods, and treatment options for this common disease.
