6 Questions
What percentage of all cancer cases in women worldwide is accounted for by breast cancer?
15%
Which type of breast cancer has cancer cells in the lining of the milk ducts and has not invaded surrounding tissue?
Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
What is a common hormonal factor that contributes to the risk of breast cancer?
Early menstruation
What is the purpose of a biopsy in breast cancer diagnosis?
To remove tissue or cells for examination
Which type of therapy targets hormone-sensitive cancers in breast cancer treatment?
Hormone therapy
What is the name of the procedure that involves the removal of a tumor in breast cancer treatment?
Lumpectomy
Study Notes
What is Breast Cancer?
- A type of cancer that originates in the breast tissue
- Can affect both women and men, but more common in women
- Accounts for about 15% of all cancer cases in women worldwide
Types of Breast Cancer
- Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Cancer cells in the lining of the milk ducts, has not invaded surrounding tissue
- Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): Cancer cells invade surrounding tissue
- Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS): Cancer cells in the lobules, has not invaded surrounding tissue
- Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC): Cancer cells invade surrounding tissue
Causes and Risk Factors
- Genetics: Family history, inherited genetic mutations (e.g. BRCA1, BRCA2)
- Hormonal factors: Early menstruation, late menopause, hormone replacement therapy
- Lifestyle factors: Obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption
- Environmental factors: Radiation exposure, certain chemicals
Symptoms
- Lump or thickening in the breast or underarm
- Changes in breast size, shape, or color
- Nipple discharge or inversion
- Redness, scaliness, or swelling of the breast
Diagnosis
- Clinical breast examination (CBE)
- Mammography: X-ray of the breast tissue
- Ultrasound: Uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images
- Biopsy: Removal of tissue or cells for examination
Treatment
- Surgery: Lumpectomy (removal of tumor), mastectomy (removal of breast)
- Radiation therapy: Uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells
- Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells
- Hormone therapy: Targets hormone-sensitive cancers
- Targeted therapy: Targets specific cancer cells
Learn about the types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. Understand the risk factors, detection methods, and treatment options for this common disease.
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