Branches of Biology

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT considered one of the three main subdivisions of biology?

  • Botany
  • Zoology
  • Ecology (correct)
  • Microbiology

Which field of zoology focuses specifically on the study of birds?

  • Ornithology (correct)
  • Herpetology
  • Entomology
  • Ichthyology

Which of the following best describes the focus of botany?

  • The study of microorganisms and their relationship to disease.
  • The study of animal behavior in their natural habitats.
  • The study of plants, including their structure, properties, and biochemical processes. (correct)
  • The study of the fossil record to determine the history of life.

Which sub-discipline falls under microbiology?

<p>Mycology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anatomy is to structure as physiology is to:

<p>Function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biological study focuses on the interactions of organisms with their living environment?

<p>Ecology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field of biology is primarily concerned with the identification, nomenclature, and classification of species?

<p>Taxonomy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of evolutionary biology, what concept is most directly related to changes in species characteristics over generations?

<p>Natural Selection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which discipline is most directly concerned with the study of heredity and variation?

<p>Genetics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary focus of exobiology?

<p>The search for extraterrestrial life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field involves the technical alteration of an organism's genetic components to improve crops and animals?

<p>Biotechnology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key application of bioinformatics?

<p>Analyzing DNA and amino acid sequences (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which field applies engineering principles to advance both medicine and biology, improving healthcare at all levels?

<p>Biomedical Engineering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of forensic science?

<p>Applying biological knowledge to civil and criminal laws (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aristotle is recognized for his early contributions to biology primarily through which of the following?

<p>Developing a classification system for living things (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key contribution of Galen to the field of medicine?

<p>The identification of differences between veins and arteries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek significantly contributed to biology by:

<p>Improving microscopy and observing microorganisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Carl Linnaeus is best known for his work in:

<p>Creating a system for naming and classifying organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept behind Charles Darwin's contribution to evolutionary biology?

<p>Species evolve over time through natural selection. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Dr. Aklilu Lemma discover about the 'Endod' plant in relation to schistosomiasis control?

<p>It produced a chemical that could kill the freshwater snails carrying the parasite. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Flashcards

What is Zoology?

The study of animals, including their structure, physiology, development, and classification.

What is Botany?

The study of plants, including their structure, properties, and biochemical processes.

What is Microbiology?

The study of microscopic organisms, including bacteria, archaea, protists, viruses, and fungi.

What is Morphology?

The study of the external form and structure of organisms.

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What is Anatomy?

The study of the bodily structure of animals and other living organisms through dissection.

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What is Histology?

The study of the details of tissue structure.

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What is Cytology?

The study of cells

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What is Cell Biology?

The study of the structure, function, and various aspects of the cell and its components.

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What is Molecular Biology?

The study of the structure and function of informational molecules like DNA and RNA.

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What is Physiology?

The normal functions of living organisms and their parts.

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What is Embryology?

The study of the embryo, from a single-celled zygote to the formation of form and shape.

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What is Ecology?

The interaction of organisms with their living environment.

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What is Taxonomy?

Identification, nomenclature, and classification of organisms.

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What is Paleontology?

Origin, growth, and structure of organisms of the past.

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What is Evolution?

The change in the characteristics of a species over several generations through natural selection.

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What is Genetics?

Heredity and variation in organisms.

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What is Exobiology?

The origin, distribution, evolution, and future of life in the Universe.

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What is Biotechnology?

Use of living organisms for human welfare

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What is Bioinformatics?

Concerned with data analysis of biological information

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What is Genetic Engineering?

To extract selected genes from an organism and insert them into another.

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Study Notes

  • Zoology, Botany, and Microbiology are the major biology branches.
  • Certain biology sub-fields have existed for hundreds of years, with rapid recent development.

Subfields of Biology

  • Include anatomy, physiology, bacteriology, mycology, genetics, cytology, histology, embryology, taxonomy, and evolution.
  • Scientific inquiry is indispensable; certain discoveries are truly groundbreaking.
  • Biology has a rich history marked by remarkable discoveries.
  • The majority of scientific breakthroughs help us expand our knowledge of the magnificent world.
  • Some discoveries allow biologists to see deeper into the world, for example, the microscope.

Biological Discoveries Impact

  • They aid in developing skills using living systems to produce helpful products.
  • Includes using natural processes and systems to create products for assisting human advancement.
  • Microscopes, medications, laws of heredity, germ theory, and blood circulation have impacts on human civilization.

Ethiopian Biologists

  • Have made major contributions to society and development
  • Dr. Aklilu Lemma discovered 'Endod' as a soapberry against bilharzia or Schistosomiasis.
  • Professor Gebissa Ejeta made study findings on Sorghum varieties and productivity.

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