Life Sciences P1 June Exam (Easy)
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Questions and Answers

Which reproductive mode involves giving birth to live young?

  • Ovipary
  • Vivipary (correct)
  • Ovovivipary
  • None of the above

    • Which species are known for producing relatively mature and independent offspring?

  • Precocial species (correct)
  • Altricial species
  • Reptiles
  • Fish

    • What is the key evolutionary advancement mentioned in the text that provides a self-contained aquatic environment for developing embryos?

  • The development of the testes
  • Vivipary
  • Amniotic Egg (correct)
  • Ovipary

    • Which parental care activity is NOT mentioned in the text?

    <p>Milking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vertebrates exhibit an altricial developmental strategy?

    <p>Many mammals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone driving female puberty?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the initiation of sperm cell production in males?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In females, which hormone regulates the stages of oogenesis?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Contains enzymes critical for fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium break down and shed?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>It requires specific environmental conditions like water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fertilization occurs inside the female's body in vertebrates?

    <p>Internal fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of internal fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Increases the likelihood of sperm meeting egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of fertilization is common among fish and amphibians?

    <p>External fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Needs specific environmental conditions like water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male reproductive structure produces an alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic environment of the vagina?

    <p>Prostate Gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Produce a mucus-like fluid for lubrication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and get stored after production in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Fallopian Tubes in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Site of fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male hormone stimulates the maturation of sperm cells and the development of secondary sexual characteristics?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During implantation, the embryo embeds itself into which part of the female reproductive system?

    <p>Endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the umbilical cord in the development of the fetus?

    <p>Transport deoxygenated blood from the placenta to the embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions like heart rate and digestion?

    <p>Autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are effectors in the context of the nervous system?

    <p>Glands or organs that respond to stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are neurons in the nervous system primarily responsible for?

    <p>Transmitting impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle does ovulation occur?

    <p>Follicular Phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for preventing menstruation and supporting pregnancy?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the process where the zygote embeds itself into the endometrium of the uterus?

    <p>Implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is secreted by the placenta and contributes to maintaining the pregnancy?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cerebrum?

    <p>Interpreting sensations from sense organs and higher thought processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is critical for maintaining balance and muscle tension?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the spinal cord in the central nervous system?

    <p>Acting as the main pathway for information between the brain and peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the brain to effectors like muscles and glands?

    <p>Motor (Efferent) Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Involuntary muscles like the heartbeat are controlled by which part of the nervous system?

    <p>Autonomic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

    <p>Controls involuntary actions to maintain internal balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' response?

    <p>Sympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of interneurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Link sensory neurons to motor neurons and process information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is associated with the 'fight or flight' response?

    <p>Adrenaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

    <p>Receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and get stored after production in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Neutralizing acidic urine in the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Fallopian Tubes in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Transport egg cells from ovary to uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for the thickening of the endometrium in the uterus?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What male puberty phase is primarily stimulated by which hormone?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive mode involves retaining eggs within the mother's body until they are ready to hatch?

    <p>Vivipary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the amniotic egg in vertebrates?

    <p>Provide a self-contained aquatic environment for the developing embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of developmental mode results in offspring that are born blind, naked, and helpless?

    <p>Altricial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of ovipary as a reproductive mode in animals?

    <p>Allows parents to produce many offspring simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for producing sperm cells and testosterone?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Produces progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the Graafian follicle burst?

    <p>Day 14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for thickening the endometrium in the uterus?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Fallopian tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if fertilization does not occur in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Endometrium breaks down leading to menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is primarily responsible for driving male gamete (sperm cell) production?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gametes may carry either an X or a Y chromosome, contributing to the sex determination of the offspring?

    <p>Sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main structure in a sperm cell that primarily consists of the nucleus and the acrosome?

    <p>Middle portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone that regulates oogenesis in females?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During what phase of the menstrual cycle does the endometrium break down and shed?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of internal fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Increased chance of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental condition is necessary for external fertilization to occur in vertebrates?

    <p>Watery environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Higher chance of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of vertebrates commonly exhibits internal fertilization?

    <p>Fish and amphibians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant limitation of internal fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Produces fewer offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The cerebellum is primarily responsible for?

    <p>Maintaining balance and muscle tension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions such as heartbeat and breathing?

    <p>Medulla Oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for conscious movements and sensory information processing from the external environment?

    <p>Somatic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of sensory (afferent) neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Detect stimuli and transmit impulses to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do interneurons contribute to neural function?

    <p>Connect sensory and motor neurons for sensory input interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

    <p>Responding to external stimuli to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for restoring the body to a normal state after an emergency?

    <p>Parasympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of adrenaline in the 'fight or flight' response?

    <p>Prepares the body for emergency situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron speeds up the transmission of electrical impulses?

    <p>Myelin Sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

    <p>Receive signals from other neurons and transmit these impulses towards the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the placenta in the development of the fetus?

    <p>Facilitating gas and nutrient exchange between mother and fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure connects the embryo to the placenta during development?

    <p>Umbilical cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

    <p>Regulating involuntary bodily functions like heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for maintaining balance and muscle tension?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of dendrites in a neuron?

    <p>Receiving incoming signals from other neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vertebrates, which reproductive strategy involves the release of eggs and sperm into the water for fertilization to occur externally?

    <p>External Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of internal fertilization in vertebrates compared to external fertilization?

    <p>Higher likelihood of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does external fertilization in vertebrates require specific environmental conditions like water?

    <p>To protect the eggs from desiccation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding internal fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Allows reproduction without a watery environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant advantage of external fertilization for vertebrates in aquatic environments?

    <p>Ensures higher survival rates of offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and get stored after production in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Neutralization of acidic urine in the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ in the female reproductive system serves as the birth canal?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone primarily drives spermatogenesis in males?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the Fallopian Tubes transport egg cells in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Ovaries to Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Penetrating the egg's outer layers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone that drives male puberty?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Produce alkaline fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone regulates the stages of oogenesis in females?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the menstrual cycle, what occurs as the uterus lining breaks down and sheds?

    <p>Menstruation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive mode is common in mammals where the embryo develops inside the mother, receiving nutrition and protection until birth?

    <p>Vivipary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of precocial species' development strategy?

    <p>Reduced metabolic costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of the amniotic egg for terrestrial vertebrates?

    <p>Dehydration prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary advancement allows reptiles, birds, and certain mammals to reproduce away from water bodies?

    <p>Amniotic Egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of altricial species' offspring at birth?

    <p>Helpless state</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers ovulation in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Rupture of the Graafian follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for thickening the endometrium in preparation for pregnancy?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?

    <p>It shrinks and stops progesterone production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of events post-fertilization in the development of a zygote?

    <p>Morula formation, blastocyst development, followed by implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone prevents menstruation and supports pregnancy post-ovulation?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the time period from fertilization to birth?

    <p>Gestation period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for involuntary bodily functions?

    <p>Parasympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the umbilical cord in the development of the fetus?

    <p>Transmits oxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that connects the embryo to the placenta during development?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell division occurs after fertilization, leading to the formation of an embryo?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for controlling involuntary actions like the heartbeat and breathing?

    <p>Medulla Oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Hypothalamus in the brain?

    <p>Maintaining body's homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons transmit impulses from sense organs to the spinal cord and brain?

    <p>Sensory Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?

    <p>Facilitating communication between brain hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the central nervous system coordinates all voluntary movements and helps maintain balance and muscle tension?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in the body?

    <p>Controlling the 'fight or flight' response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system responds to emergency situations by increasing heart rate and blood pressure?

    <p>Sympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of motor neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Respond to stimuli by transmitting impulses to effectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron is responsible for speeding up the transmission of electrical impulses?

    <p>Myelin Sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do interneurons primarily function within the nervous system?

    <p>Processing information and determining responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive strategy involves fertilization occurring outside the female's body?

    <p>External fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does internal fertilization provide over external fertilization?

    <p>Increased chance of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animals commonly exhibit external fertilization?

    <p>Fish and amphibians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does external fertilization require specific environmental conditions like water?

    <p>To prevent egg dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is more likely to produce a larger number of offspring?

    <p>External fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Maturation and storage of sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland produces a nutrient-rich fluid crucial for sperm mobility in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Seminal Vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Fallopian Tubes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Urethra in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Expelling semen and urine out of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone primarily stimulates male puberty?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone primarily drives female puberty?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the middle portion (neck) of a sperm cell?

    <p>Providing energy for motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During oogenesis in females, what happens to the three cells that degenerate after meiosis?

    <p>They degenerate and do not survive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of testosterone in spermatogenesis?

    <p>Driving male gamete production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the enlargement of one cell within a follicle during oogenesis?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of ovipary as a reproductive mode in animals?

    <p>It allows parents to produce many offspring simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary evolutionary advantage of vivipary in vertebrates?

    <p>Enhancing the survival rate of offspring through controlled development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of the amniotic egg in terrestrial vertebrates?

    <p>Sustaining the embryo with oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental strategy results in offspring born with their eyes open and capable of independent movement shortly after birth?

    <p><strong>Precocial</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does parental care contribute to the reproductive success of vertebrates?

    <p>By directly influencing the survival rates of the young.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the time period from fertilization to birth?

    <p>Gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure develops finger-like structures known as villi?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fluid-filled sac encases the embryo during development?

    <p>Amnion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system in the human body is responsible for involuntary bodily functions?

    <p>Autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system?

    <p>Extending outside the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Produces progesterone to thicken the endometrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum?

    <p>LH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final outcome if fertilization does not occur during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Shedding of the endometrial lining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for thickening the endometrium in the uterus?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur during pregnancy?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating all voluntary movements and maintaining balance?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Medulla Oblongata in the brain?

    <p>Transmit nerve impulses between the spinal cord and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary muscles like the heartbeat and digestion?

    <p>Autonomic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sensory (afferent) neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Detect stimuli and transmit impulses to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?

    <p>Facilitate communication between brain hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' response?

    <p>Sympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the connection between neurons occur?

    <p>Synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Myelin Sheath?

    <p>To speed up transmission of electrical impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurons respond to stimuli by transmitting impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effectors?

    <p>Motor (Efferent) Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Adrenaline plays a crucial role in preparing the body for which type of situations?

    <p>'Fight or Flight' situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone primarily drives female puberty?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the production of male gametes in the male reproductive organs?

    <p>Spermatogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the male sex cell composed of?

    <p>Head, middle portion, and tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In females, what is the counterpart to spermatogenesis?

    <p>Oogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the enlargement of one cell within a follicle in females?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of internal fertilization in vertebrates compared to external fertilization?

    <p>Increased offspring survival rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary advancement allows reptiles, birds, and certain mammals to reproduce away from water bodies?

    <p>Amniotic egg development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vertebrates, which environmental condition is necessary for external fertilization to occur?

    <p>Presence of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Corpus Luteum in the menstrual cycle of females?

    <p>Supporting pregnancy post-ovulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system responds to emergency situations by increasing heart rate and blood pressure?

    <p>Sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the embryo after 12 weeks of gestation?

    <p>Fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does implantation of the embryo occur?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions?

    <p>Autonomic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of synapses in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmit impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the placenta in fetal development?

    <p>Exchange nutrients and waste between mother and fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>It produces progesterone to prepare the endometrium for potential pregnancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the amniotic egg in vertebrates?

    <p>To maintain a controlled aquatic environment for the developing embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive mode combines aspects of both ovipary and vivipary?

    <p>Ovovivipary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone peaks around day 14 of the menstrual cycle, triggering ovulation?

    <p>Luteinizing Hormone (LH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Stimulating the development of the follicle in the ovaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key evolutionary advancement that allows reptiles, birds, and some mammals to reproduce away from water bodies?

    <p>The amniotic egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure develops into extra-embryonic membranes and contributes to placenta formation?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental strategy results in underdeveloped offspring that require extensive parental care?

    <p>Altricial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs if fertilization does not happen during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Corpus luteum shrinks and stops producing progesterone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of precocial development in offspring?

    <p>It reduces the burden of extensive parental care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Seminal Vesicles in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce a fluid rich in nutrients for sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male reproductive structure is responsible for producing hormones like testosterone and stimulating the maturation of sperm cells?

    <p>Testes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the male reproductive system, what is the function of the Vas Deferens (Sperm Duct)?

    <p>Transport sperm from the epididymis to the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in males?

    <p>Produce mucus-like fluid to lubricate the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Where sperm cells mature and are stored</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cerebrum in the brain?

    <p>Interpreting sensations and enabling perception</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain coordinates all voluntary movements and helps maintain balance and muscle tension?

    <p>Cerebellum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Corpus Callosum in the brain?

    <p>Facilitating communication between nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons transmit impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effectors like muscles and glands?

    <p>Motor (Efferent) Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What function does the Autonomic Nervous System primarily control?

    <p>Involuntary muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Control involuntary actions to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system prepares the body for emergency situations?

    <p>Sympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of sensory (afferent) neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Sense stimuli and transmit impulses towards the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone plays a crucial role in preparing the body for 'fight or flight' situations?

    <p>Adrenaline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of interneurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Link sensory neurons to motor neurons and process information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is secreted by the corpus luteum post-ovulation to prepare the endometrium for potential pregnancy?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process involves the development of a solid ball of cells known as the morula post-fertilization?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for thickening the endometrium in the uterus during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the amnion and chorion in the reproductive process?

    <p>Form extra-embryonic membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the development of the follicle in the ovaries during the menstrual cycle?

    <p>FSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of vivipary in vertebrates?

    <p>It provides a controlled environment for embryo development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive mode allows parents to spread the risk of predation and increase the chances of species survival?

    <p>Ovipary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the evolutionary significance of the amniotic egg for terrestrial vertebrates?

    <p>It enables reproduction away from water bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the placenta in fetal development?

    <p>Supplying nutrients and oxygen to the fetus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental strategy tends to result in potentially higher brain mass and more complex behaviors in adulthood?

    <p>Altricial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of vertebrates' evolutionary success related to reproductive strategies?

    <p>Each strategy has its advantages and disadvantages shaped by evolutionary pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system consists of cranial and spinal nerves, divided into autonomic and somatic components?

    <p>Peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of synapses in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmit impulses between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about the central nervous system (CNS)?

    <p>It includes cranial and spinal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During fertilization, what is formed when a zygote divides by mitosis?

    <p>Morula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland produces a nutrient-rich fluid for sperm cells in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Prostate Gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Fallopian Tubes in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Transports egg cells from the ovary to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone primarily drives male puberty?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Urethra in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Expels semen during ejaculation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone that drives female puberty?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the middle portion (neck) of a sperm cell?

    <p>Energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for thickening the endometrium in the uterus?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process involving the production of female gametes in the ovaries called?

    <p>Oogenesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the sperm cell contains enzymes necessary for penetrating the egg during fertilization?

    <p>Acrosome on the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Increased likelihood of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental condition is necessary for internal fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Specific temperature range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key disadvantage of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Dependence on specific environmental conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animals commonly utilize internal fertilization as a reproductive strategy?

    <p>Terrestrial animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does internal fertilization in vertebrates increase the chances of successful reproduction?

    <p>By allowing for a higher likelihood of sperm meeting egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cerebellum in the brain?

    <p>Coordinating voluntary movements and maintaining balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary muscles like the heartbeat and digestion?

    <p>Autonomic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key role of the Corpus Callosum in brain function?

    <p>Connecting the left and right brain hemispheres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons transmit impulses from sense organs to the brain and spinal cord?

    <p>Sensory Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Spinal Cord in the central nervous system?

    <p>Transmitting sensory information from the body to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)?

    <p>Prepare the body for emergency situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the parasympathetic nervous system have its main effect?

    <p>Decreases heart rate and dilates blood vessels in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neuron type transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors like muscles and glands?

    <p>Motor (Efferent) Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of adrenaline in the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Increases heart rate and constricts blood vessels in the skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of nerve impulse transmission do neurotransmitters play a crucial role?

    <p>Connection at synapses between neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reproductive mode allows parents to produce many offspring simultaneously, spreading the risk of individual predation?

    <p>Ovipary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of precocial species in terms of their offspring's development?

    <p>Covered in fur, able to walk shortly after birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which evolutionary advancement provides a self-contained aquatic environment for the developing embryo, protecting it from dehydration and physical harm?

    <p>The amniotic egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of altricial species in terms of their offspring's development?

    <p>Higher brain mass and more complex behaviors in adulthood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the testes in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Producing sperm cells and testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Production of a large number of offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of animals commonly exhibit internal fertilization?

    <p>Reptiles and birds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of internal fertilization in vertebrates over external fertilization?

    <p>Higher likelihood of sperm meeting egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Fallopian Tubes in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Transport of eggs from the ovaries to the uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of internal fertilization in terrestrial animals?

    <p>Increased protection of eggs from predators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for driving male gamete (sperm cell) production?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the acrosome in a sperm cell?

    <p>Containing enzymes for penetrating the egg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During oogenesis, how many mature ovum (egg cells) are typically produced from one meiotic division?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the middle portion (neck) of a sperm cell?

    <p>Supplies energy for motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do sperm cells mature and get stored after production in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the development of a mature Graafian follicle during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?

    <p>Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Seminal Vesicles in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce energy for sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the female reproductive system serves as the birth canal?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone primarily stimulates male puberty?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Cervix in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Stretch and open during childbirth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens on Day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

    <p>Rupture of the Graafian follicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the endometrium to thicken and develop more blood vessels and glands for potential embryo implantation?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of fertilization during copulation in the female reproductive system?

    <p>Formation of a diploid zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process where the blastocyst embeds itself into the endometrium called?

    <p>Implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for preventing menstruation and supporting pregnancy post-ovulation?

    <p>Progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the placenta in fetal development?

    <p>Delivering oxygenated blood to the embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure develops many finger-like villi that grow into the uterine tissue to form the placenta?

    <p>Chorion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system regulates involuntary bodily functions like heart rate and digestion?

    <p>Parasympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of synapses in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmit impulses using neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does an embryo develop into a fetus?

    <p>At approximately 8 weeks of development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Hypothalamus in the brain?

    <p>Regulating autonomic functions such as hunger and body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the central nervous system ensures efficient communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain?

    <p>Corpus Callosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Motor (Efferent) Neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmitting impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effectors like muscles and glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary muscles?

    <p>Somatic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key function of Sensory (Afferent) Neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Detecting stimuli and transmitting impulses to the spinal cord and brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Autonomic Nervous System?

    <p>Responds to external stimuli to maintain homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the Autonomic Nervous System is responsible for 'fight or flight' responses?

    <p>Sympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Sensory (Afferent) Neurons?

    <p>Sense stimuli and transmit impulses towards the central nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus and cytoplasm?

    <p>Cell Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the connection between neurons occur?

    <p>Synapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone responsible for driving male puberty?

    <p>Testosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of a fully-fledged sperm cell's structure?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone driving female puberty?

    <p>Oestrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does spermatogenesis occur in males?

    <p>Seminiferous Tubules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which female gamete undergoes meiosis to form a mature ovum?

    <p>Secondary Oocyte</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about ovipary?

    <p>The young receive nutrition from the egg yolk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of vivipary?

    <p>The offspring receive nutrition and protection until birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary advancement is associated with the amniotic egg?

    <p>Provides a self-contained aquatic environment for the developing embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental strategy leads to potentially higher brain mass and more complex behaviors in adulthood?

    <p>Altricial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does parental care influence the reproductive success of vertebrates?

    <p>By directly influencing the survival rates of the young</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the zygote after fertilization?

    <p>It divides into a blastocyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system consists of cranial and spinal nerves?

    <p>Peripheral nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of synapses in the nervous system?

    <p>Conducting electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the chorion in fetal development?

    <p>Forming the placenta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the time period from fertilization to birth in humans?

    <p>Gestation period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the primary location for sperm production in males?

    <p>Epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Cowper's Gland (Bulbourethral Gland) in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Produce mucus-like fluid to lubricate the urethra</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which female reproductive structure serves as the birth canal and passage for menstrual blood?

    <p>Vagina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Stimulate maturation of sperm cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a sperm cell contains enzymes essential for penetrating the egg cell during fertilization?

    <p>Acrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major advantage of external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Increased likelihood of survival for the offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which environmental condition is crucial for external fertilization to occur?

    <p>Access to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In internal fertilization, where does fertilization occur in vertebrates?

    <p>Inside the female's body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes internal fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>It provides a higher likelihood of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant advantage of internal fertilization over external fertilization in vertebrates?

    <p>Higher chances of successful fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is responsible for stimulating the development of the follicle in the ovaries?

    <p>Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When does the Graafian follicle burst to release an egg cell?

    <p>Day 14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?

    <p>It shrinks and stops producing progesterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is primarily responsible for thickening the endometrium in preparation for potential embryo implantation?

    <p>Estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the chorion in the development of the blastocyst?

    <p>Contributing to placenta formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain facilitates communication between the left and right hemispheres?

    <p>Corpus Callosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hypothalamus in the brain?

    <p>Maintaining homeostasis and controlling functions like hunger and body temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the nervous system is responsible for managing involuntary muscles like the heartbeat and digestion?

    <p>Autonomic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of interneurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Connect sensory and motor neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the cerebellum contribute to the body's movements?

    <p>Maintaining balance and muscle tension for coordinated body movements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Parasympathetic Nervous System?

    <p>Restore the body to a normal state after an emergency has passed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of neurons respond to stimuli by transmitting impulses from the brain and spinal cord to effectors like muscles and glands?

    <p>Motor (Efferent) Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Adrenaline in the context of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Prepare the body for 'fight or flight' situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Dendrites in a neuron?

    <p>Receive signals from other neurons and transmit impulses towards the cell body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for preparing the body for emergency situations?

    <p>Sympathetic Nervous System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of receptors in the body's response to environmental stimuli?

    <p>Detect changes in the external and internal environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of a neuron receives signals from other cells?

    <p>Dendrites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are effectors in the context of the nervous system response?

    <p>Respond to nerve impulses sent by the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the body would act as an effector when receiving a nerve impulse?

    <p>Gland or muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of receptors in the skin detect touch or pressure?

    <p>Mechanoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an axon in a neuron?

    <p>Transmits nerve impulses to effectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for detecting light and color?

    <p>Rods and cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a nervous system response, what happens when a muscle effector receives an impulse?

    <p>It can contract, leading to movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmit electrical and chemical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures are responsible for responding to nerve impulses sent by the nervous system?

    <p>Effectors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the choroid in the human eye?

    <p>Supplying nutrients to the retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye helps control the amount of light entering the eye?

    <p>Ciliary body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the optic nerve in the human eye?

    <p>Transmitting impulses to the brain for image interpretation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the eye is responsible for maintaining the eyeball's shape?

    <p>Sclera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During accommodation, which part of the eye changes shape to focus on near and distant objects?

    <p>Lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of rods and cones in the retina?

    <p>Converting light into electrical impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which eye structure contains muscles to control the pupil size?

    <p>Iris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the pinna in the human ear?

    <p>To direct sound waves into the auditory canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure of the human ear is responsible for converting sound into nerve impulses?

    <p>Organ of Corti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Eustachian tube in the human ear?

    <p>Equalizing pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the human ear is responsible for maintaining balance by detecting changes in body speed and direction?

    <p>Vestibule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are middle ear infections typically treated?

    <p>Medication and insertion of grommets (draining tubes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes deafness in individuals according to the text?

    <p>Hardening of ear tissues like the ossicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are pressure waves generated in the cochlea?

    <p>Movement of the oval window</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the semi-circular canals in the inner ear?

    <p>Maintaining balance and detecting changes in body speed and direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when receptors in the sacculus and utriculus are stimulated?

    <p>Changes in head position relative to gravity are detected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure contains sensory hair cells responsible for converting sound into nerve impulses?

    <p>Organ of Corti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of receptors in the body?

    <p>Detect changes in the internal and external environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron is responsible for receiving signals?

    <p>Dendrites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmit nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are effectors in the body?

    <p>Glands and muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do photoreceptors in the eye primarily detect?

    <p>Light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the nervous system, what is the function of a cell body in a neuron?

    <p>Process information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron transmits the nerve impulse to other neurons or effectors?

    <p>Axon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of effectors in the body's response to stimuli?

    <p>Respond to impulses sent by the nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the skin is responsible for detecting touch or pressure?

    <p>Mechanoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells make up the primary components of the nervous system?

    <p>Neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the Ciliary Body in the human eye?

    <p>Change the lens's shape for accommodation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the human eye is responsible for transforming light into electrical impulses?

    <p>Retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Yellow Spot (Macula) in the human eye?

    <p>Offer clearest vision with highest cone concentration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during accommodation in the human eye?

    <p>Changing the shape of the lens to focus on objects at different distances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In bright light conditions, what happens to the pupil size due to the pupillary mechanism in the human eye?

    <p>Pupil constricts, reducing light entry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visual defect is characterized by the inability to see distant objects clearly?

    <p>Myopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a fully-fledged sperm cell contains enzymes essential for penetrating the egg cell during fertilization?

    <p>Acrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Vitreous Humour in the human eye?

    <p>Maintain eyeball's shape and play a minor role in refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of nerve impulse transmission do sensory neurons play a vital role?

    <p><strong>Reflex arc</strong> through spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Binocular vision provides humans with which important ability?

    <p><em>Depth perception and wider field of vision</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the pinna in the human ear?

    <p>Directing sound waves into the auditory canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the ossicles in the human ear?

    <p>Transmitting sound waves to the oval window</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Eustachian tube in the human ear?

    <p>Connecting the middle ear to the throat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the ear detects changes in the head's position relative to gravity?

    <p>Semi-circular canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are sound vibrations converted into nerve impulses in the human ear?

    <p>By stimulating sensory hair cells in the organ of Corti</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes a middle ear infection in humans?

    <p>Fluid buildup due to pathogens entering through Eustachian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which treatment option is used for middle ear infections?

    <p>Insertion of grommets (draining tubes) into the tympanic membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for maintaining balance in humans?

    <p>Semi-circular canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of maculae in the human ear?

    <p>Detecting changes in head position relative to gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a cochlear implant help individuals with deafness?

    <p>Converts sound vibrations into electrical impulses for auditory nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pinna in the human ear?

    <p>To direct sound waves into the auditory canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the human ear is responsible for detecting changes in the body's speed and direction?

    <p>Semi-circular canals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of a middle ear infection?

    <p>Fluid buildup and inflammation due to pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the ear is responsible for transmitting and amplifying vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear?

    <p>Ossicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the organ of Corti in the cochlea convert sound into nerve impulses?

    <p>By stimulating sensory hair cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for a middle ear infection?

    <p>Insertion of grommets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure of the human ear equalizes pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane?

    <p>Eustachian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of the semi-circular canals in the human ear?

    <p>To detect changes in head position relative to gravity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are balance signals transmitted from receptors in the semi-circular canals to the cerebellum?

    <p>Through vestibulocochlear nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure connects the middle ear to the throat, helping equalize pressure?

    <p>Eustachian tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which division of the human nervous system is responsible for controlling involuntary actions?

    <p>Autonomic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of the eye adjusts the tension on suspensory ligaments to change the lens's shape for accommodation?

    <p>Ciliary body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the human eye, which structure contains light-sensitive cells that transform light into electrical impulses?

    <p>Retina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the vitreous humor in the human eye?

    <p>Maintaining the eyeball's shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which visual defect causes difficulty in seeing close objects clearly?

    <p>Hyperopia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the optic nerve in the human eye?

    <p>Transmitting impulses from the retina to the brain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In bright light, what happens to the pupil size due to the action of the iris?

    <p>It contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Binocular vision provides humans with which ability?

    <p><strong>Wider field of vision</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of receptors in the body?

    <p>Detect changes in the external and internal environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a neuron transmits the impulse to other neurons or effectors?

    <p>Axon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do effectors do in response to impulses sent by the nervous system?

    <p>Contract (muscles) or secrete substances (glands)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stimuli can the body respond to through receptors?

    <p>Light, sound, taste, temperature, and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the nervous system transmits impulses from the central nervous system to effectors?

    <p>Axon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of neurons in the nervous system?

    <p>Transmit electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a muscle cell (effector) receives an impulse from the nervous system?

    <p>Contract, leading to movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures in the eye detect light and color?

    <p>Rods and cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do neurons carry information in the body?

    <p>Through electrical signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of mechanoreceptors in the skin?

    <p>Detect touch or pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

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