Ботаніка: Pisum sativum (Горох)

Pisum sativum (Garden Pea)

Overview

• Pisum sativum, also known as the garden pea, is a species of legume that is widely cultivated for its edible seeds.
• It is an annual plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family.

Characteristics

• Pisum sativum is a cool-season crop that thrives in temperate climates.
• It is a climbing plant that can grow up to 2 meters tall.
• The plant has compound leaves with 2-3 pairs of leaflets and a terminal tendril.
• The flowers are small, white, and self-pollinating.
• The seeds are contained in a pod that can be green, yellow, or purple, depending on the variety.

Cultivation

• Pisum sativum is typically planted in well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.
• It requires adequate moisture, especially during flowering and pod formation.
• The plant is often grown as a rotation crop to improve soil fertility due to its ability to fix nitrogen.

Uses

• Garden peas are a nutritious and versatile food source, rich in protein, fiber, and vitamins.
• They can be consumed fresh, frozen, or canned.
• The plant is also used as animal feed, particularly for poultry and pigs.

Varieties

• There are several varieties of Pisum sativum, including:
  • Snow peas (flat, tender pods)
  • Snap peas (sweet, crunchy pods)
  • Garden peas (shelling peas)
  • Sugar snap peas (a hybrid of snow peas and garden peas)