Bones of the Upper Limb - Scapula Features

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Questions and Answers

Which muscle is NOT located in the pectoral region?

Pectoralis major

Brachialis (correct)

Latissimus dorsi

Coracobrachialis

Which of the following muscles assists in the movement of the shoulder joint?

Anconeus

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Pronator teres

Teres minor (correct)

What structure serves as a common origin for the elbow joint flexors?

Spiral groove

Common extensor origin

Common flexor origin (correct)

Capsular ligament of elbow joint

Which muscle is primarily located on the anterior aspect of the humerus?

Subscapularis Signup and view all the answers

The capsular ligament of the shoulder joint primarily supports which of the following muscles?

Supraspinatus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle extends the elbow joint by acting on the humerus?

Lateral head of triceps Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following muscles is a part of the rotator cuff?

Supraspinatus Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is primarily responsible for adduction of the arm?

Teres major Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the coracohumeral ligament?

Stabilizes the glenohumeral joint Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is NOT present at the upper end of the humerus?

Capitulum Signup and view all the answers

Where is the trapezoid part of the coracoclavicular ligament attached?

To the superior aspect of the lateral third of the clavicle Signup and view all the answers

How many ossification centers are responsible for the development of the scapula?

Eight Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula?

Head Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents an atavistic epiphysis in humans?

Coracoid process Signup and view all the answers

What is the first secondary ossification center to appear in the coracoid process?

Eighth week of intrauterine life Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the intertubercular sulcus?

Allows passage for the biceps tendon Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the location of the scapula?

Found on the upper part of the posterolateral thorax Signup and view all the answers

Which surface of the scapula provides attachment for the subscapularis muscle?

Costal surface Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the three longitudinal ridges on the scapula?

Provide attachment for intramuscular tendons of muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following features is NOT associated with the body of the scapula?

A large foramen for nerve passages Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the dorsal surface of the scapula?

It has a spinous process dividing it into two fossae Signup and view all the answers

Which angle is NOT part of the three angles of the scapula?

Posterior angle Signup and view all the answers

Which muscle is inserted along the medial border and inferior angle of the scapula?

Serratus anterior muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the spinoglenoid notch in the scapula?

Serves as an attachment for the teres minor muscle Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Humerus and Scapula Anatomy

The humerus is a long bone consisting of the upper end, shaft, and lower end.
Upper end features: head, neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, and intertubercular sulcus; the head articulates with the scapula's glenoid cavity forming the shoulder joint.
Lower end features: capitulum (lateral), trochlea (medial), radial fossa, coronoid fossa, medial and lateral epicondyles.

Muscle and Ligament Attachments

Major muscles attached to the humerus: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis, teres minor, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid, triceps (lateral and medial heads).
Ligaments associated with the shoulder and elbow: coracohumeral ligament, capsular ligaments of the shoulder and elbow joints.

Scapula Features

The scapula, also known as the shoulder blade, is a large triangular bone positioned against the 2nd to 7th ribs.
Divided into body (triangular, thin, and transparent) and three processes: spinous, acromion, and coracoid.
Costal surface (subscapular fossa) is concave and directed medially, providing attachment for the subscapularis muscle.

Scapula Surfaces and Muscles

Dorsal surface is convex, featuring the spinous process dividing it into supraspinous and infraspinous fossae.
The upper part of the dorsal surface, supraspinous fossa, is smaller than the larger infraspinous fossa.
The medial border and inferior angle serve as insertion points for the serratus anterior muscle.

Ossification Patterns

Scapula ossification is divided into one primary (body) and seven secondary centers.
Secondary ossification includes centers in the coracoid process, acromion process, and various parts of the glenoid cavity; primary and first secondary centers appear in fetal life and infancy.

Important Anatomical Notions

The coracoid process can be palpated approximately 2.5 cm below the lateral junction of the clavicle.
The upper end of the scapula includes the head which is rounded, articulating to form the glenohumeral joint.
The scapula's high mobility allows for a wide range of shoulder movements.

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Description

Explore the anatomy of the scapula, the shoulder blade, including its surfaces and attachments. This quiz focuses on the key features of the scapula and their relationship to the upper limb. Perfect for those studying human anatomy.