Questions and Answers
Which tissue in the body supports, protects, produces blood cells and stores minerals?
Bone
There are _____ bones in the body.
206
Forearm, thigh bone (femur) are examples of what type of bone?
Long bone
What type of bone is classified as a wrist bone?
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Scapula, skull, frontal are examples of which type of bone?
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What type of bone is a vertebra?
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Bones are categorized by ______ as being long, short, flat, or irregular.
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What living tissues make up a bone?
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What are the functions of bones?
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Bones that do not fit in the categories of long, short, or flat are placed in the category termed?
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A bone, such as the femur, is made up of more than one type of tissue.
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Cube-like bones with roughly equal lengths and widths, such as bones of the wrist and ankle, can be classified as ______ bones.
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The patella (kneecap) is an example of what classification of bone?
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Wrist and ankle bones are classified as irregular bones.
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Long bones have enlarged ends called _____ that are covered with _____.
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Based on their shape, the skull bones and ribs can be classified as ______ bones.
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Where one bone articulates with another, a layer of tissue called ______ protects the underlying bone.
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What is the end of a long bone called?
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The vascular connective tissue membrane that covers bones is called?
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Compact bone has a ____ matrix, while the matrix of spongy bone is _____.
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The hollow chamber of the diaphysis is called the?
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The inside of the diaphysis is lined with a thin layer of cells called the?
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Osteoporosis is characterized by ______.
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Study Notes
Bone Structure and Types
- Bone is a vital tissue that supports, protects, and produces blood cells while storing minerals.
- The human body contains 206 bones.
- Bones are categorized based on shape: long, short, flat, irregular, and sesamoid.
Categories of Bones
- Long bones (e.g., femur) have an elongated shape and consist of a shaft (diaphysis) and ends (epiphyses).
- Short bones (e.g., wrist and ankle) are cube-like and have equal lengths and widths.
- Flat bones (e.g., skull, ribs) have a thin, flattened shape.
- Irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae) do not fit into other categories.
- Sesamoid bones (e.g., patella) develop in tendons.
Bone Composition and Function
- Bones are organs made of varied tissues: cartilage, dense connective tissue, nervous tissue, blood, and bone tissue.
- Main functions of bones include mineral storage, housing blood-producing cells, and providing structural support and protection for soft tissues.
Bone Anatomy
- Each long bone features expanded ends called epiphyses, covered with articular cartilage to reduce friction during movement.
- Bones have a periosteum, a vascular connective tissue membrane that encases bones and is crucial for growth and repair.
- The medullary cavity, lined by endosteum, is located within the diaphysis and contains marrow.
Bone Tissue Types
- Compact bone has a dense extracellular matrix organized into osteons, providing strength and rigidity.
- Spongy bone consists of irregular spaces and trabeculae, enabling lighter bone weight and housing marrow.
Key Terms
- Epiphysis: The end of a long bone, with spongy bone inside.
- Diaphysis: The shaft or central portion of a long bone.
- Articular cartilage: A protective layer of tissue where bones meet.
- Endosteum: A membrane lining the medullary cavity of long bones.
Health Considerations
- Osteoporosis leads to fragile bones that are prone to fractures, highlighting the importance of maintaining bone density.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the human skeletal system with these flashcards. Learn about different types of bones, their functions, and basic facts about bone structure. Perfect for students and anyone interested in human anatomy.
