Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of joint allows smooth movements between adjacent bones?
What type of joint allows smooth movements between adjacent bones?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a fibrous joint?
Which of the following is a characteristic of a fibrous joint?
Which type of joint is exemplified by the elbow?
Which type of joint is exemplified by the elbow?
The pubic symphysis is an example of which type of joint?
The pubic symphysis is an example of which type of joint?
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What type of bone is characterized by a central medullary cavity surrounded by a dense structure?
What type of bone is characterized by a central medullary cavity surrounded by a dense structure?
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Study Notes
The Skeleton
- The axial skeleton includes the skull, vertebral column (including the trunk's bones), and ribs
- The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the limbs, divided into the shoulder girdle with upper limb and pelvic girdle with lower limb
Bones
- Bones are the supporting framework of the body
- Bones protect internal organs
Types of Bone (Shape)
- Long bones (e.g., humerus)
- Short bones (e.g., carpals)
- Flat bones (e.g., parietal bone)
- Irregular bones (e.g., vertebrae)
Types of Bone (Structure)
- Compact bone
- Cancellous (spongy) bone
Structure of a Long Bone
- Proximal epiphysis
- Metaphysis
- Diaphysis
- Metaphysis
- Distal epiphysis
- Articular cartilage
- Spongy bone
- Epiphyseal line
- Red bone marrow
- Endosteum
- Compact bone
- Medullary cavity
- Yellow bone marrow
- Periosteum
- Nutrient artery
Structure of a Flat Bone
- Compact bone
- Spongy bone (diploë)
The Joint
- A joint is where two or more bones meet
Types of Joints
- Fibrous joints
- Cartilaginous joints
- Synovial joints
Fibrous Joints
- Form strong connections between skull bones
- Examples: Between radius and ulna in the forearm (interosseous membrane), sutures
Cartilaginous Joints
- Joined by hyaline cartilage (e.g., epiphyseal plate in long bones)
- Joined by fibrocartilage (e.g., pubic symphysis)
Synovial Joints
- Allow smooth movement between bones
- Joint cavity filled with synovial fluid
- Lined with synovial membrane
- Surrounded by articular capsule
- Examples include:
- Ball and socket (e.g., shoulder, hip)
- Pivot (e.g., atlas and axis)
- Hinge (e.g., elbow, knee)
- Saddle (e.g., carpometacarpal joint in thumb)
- Plane (e.g., sternoclavicular joint)
- Ellipsoid (e.g., wrist joint)
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Description
Explore the structure and function of the human skeleton in this quiz. Learn about the axial and appendicular skeleton, different types of bones, and their characteristics. Test your knowledge about bone structure and joints.
