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Questions and Answers
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What is an incomplete fracture or cracking of the bone without actual separation of the parts commonly found in children called?
Greenstick fracture
What area of the bone contains yellow marrow?
Medullary cavity
What is the lining of the marrow cavity called?
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Which cells can dissolve the bony matrix?
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What term refers to the layers of bone matrix?
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What are small channels that radiate through the matrix of bone called?
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Which cells can build bony matrix?
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Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones.
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Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone.
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The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels.
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Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand tension stress?
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Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.
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What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?
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What can a deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation cause?
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A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________.
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Study Notes
Bone Structure & Function
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Bone Tissue:
- Found in various shapes and sizes
- Designed to support weight and withstand tension stress.
- Composed of compact bone and spongy bone.
Bone Marrow
- Yellow bone marrow: primarily fat, found in the medullary cavity of long bones.
- Red bone marrow: responsible for hematopoiesis (blood cell formation), found in the spongy bone,
Bone Growth
- Cartilage: the precursor tissue for long bones in the embryo.
- Growth Hormone Deficiency: can lead to decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage, impacting bone length.
Fractures
- Comminuted fracture: Bone fragments into many pieces
- Spiral fracture: Common sports fracture due to twisting force.
- Greenstick fracture: An incomplete fracture or cracking of the bone without complete separation. Common in children.
Bone Remodeling
- Osteoclasts: Cells involved in bone resorption (dissolving bony matrix).
- Osteoblasts: Cells involved in bone deposition, building the matrix.
- Bone Remodeling: A continuous process involving bone formation and resorption to maintain bone strength.
Factors Preventing Osteoporosis
- Fluoridated water intake: Helps strengthen bones by increasing bone density.
- Weight-bearing exercise: Increases bone density and strength.
- Sun exposure: Contributes to vitamin D production, which enhances calcium absorption and bone health.
Key Facts
- Epiphyseal plate: Located at the ends of long bones, responsible for longitudinal bone growth.
- Epiphyseal line: The solidified remnant of the epiphyseal plate, indicating the end of bone growth.
- Periosteum: The fibrous membrane that surrounds bones, supplying nerves and blood vessels.
- Trabeculae: Interconnecting bony plates that form the framework of spongy bone, aligned along lines of stress.
- Osteoid: The organic component of bone matrix.
- Hydroxyapatite: The inorganic component of bone matrix, primarily calcium phosphate salts.
Other Facts
- Compact bone: Dense and solid, forms the outer layer of bones.
- Spongy bone: Less dense and more porous, found inside bones.
- Canaliculi: Small channels in bone matrix, connecting osteocytes.
- Lamellae: Thin, concentric layers of bony matrix in compact bone.
- The term osteon: refers to the structural unit of compact bone.
- Intramembranous ossification: One of the two methods of bone formation, the other process is endochondral ossification.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the various aspects of bone structure and function in this quiz. Explore topics such as bone tissue types, growth, and fractures to enhance your understanding of skeletal health. This quiz also covers bone remodeling processes and the role of bone marrow.
