Bone Structure & Function Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of these options are correct? (Select all that apply)

  • N/A
  • Spiral (correct)
  • Comminuted (correct)
  • Greenstick (correct)
  • What is an incomplete fracture or cracking of the bone without actual separation of the parts commonly found in children called?

    Greenstick fracture

    What area of the bone contains yellow marrow?

    Medullary cavity

    What is the lining of the marrow cavity called?

    <p>Endosteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells can dissolve the bony matrix?

    <p>Osteoclasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the layers of bone matrix?

    <p>Lamellae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are small channels that radiate through the matrix of bone called?

    <p>Canaliculi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells can build bony matrix?

    <p>Osteoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compact bone is replaced more often than spongy bone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The periosteum is a tissue that serves only to protect the bone because it is not supplied with nerves or blood vessels.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand tension stress?

    <p>Compact bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.

    <p>fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

    <p>Hyaline cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can a deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation cause?

    <p>Decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________.

    <p>Diaphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bone Structure & Function

    • Bone Tissue:
      • Found in various shapes and sizes
      • Designed to support weight and withstand tension stress.
      • Composed of compact bone and spongy bone.

    Bone Marrow

    • Yellow bone marrow: primarily fat, found in the medullary cavity of long bones.
    • Red bone marrow: responsible for hematopoiesis (blood cell formation), found in the spongy bone,

    Bone Growth

    • Cartilage: the precursor tissue for long bones in the embryo.
    • Growth Hormone Deficiency: can lead to decreased proliferation of the epiphyseal plate cartilage, impacting bone length.

    Fractures

    • Comminuted fracture: Bone fragments into many pieces
    • Spiral fracture: Common sports fracture due to twisting force.
    • Greenstick fracture: An incomplete fracture or cracking of the bone without complete separation. Common in children.

    Bone Remodeling

    • Osteoclasts: Cells involved in bone resorption (dissolving bony matrix).
    • Osteoblasts: Cells involved in bone deposition, building the matrix.
    • Bone Remodeling: A continuous process involving bone formation and resorption to maintain bone strength.

    Factors Preventing Osteoporosis

    • Fluoridated water intake: Helps strengthen bones by increasing bone density.
    • Weight-bearing exercise: Increases bone density and strength.
    • Sun exposure: Contributes to vitamin D production, which enhances calcium absorption and bone health.

    Key Facts

    • Epiphyseal plate: Located at the ends of long bones, responsible for longitudinal bone growth.
    • Epiphyseal line: The solidified remnant of the epiphyseal plate, indicating the end of bone growth.
    • Periosteum: The fibrous membrane that surrounds bones, supplying nerves and blood vessels.
    • Trabeculae: Interconnecting bony plates that form the framework of spongy bone, aligned along lines of stress.
    • Osteoid: The organic component of bone matrix.
    • Hydroxyapatite: The inorganic component of bone matrix, primarily calcium phosphate salts.

    Other Facts

    • Compact bone: Dense and solid, forms the outer layer of bones.
    • Spongy bone: Less dense and more porous, found inside bones.
    • Canaliculi: Small channels in bone matrix, connecting osteocytes.
    • Lamellae: Thin, concentric layers of bony matrix in compact bone.
    • The term osteon: refers to the structural unit of compact bone.
    • Intramembranous ossification: One of the two methods of bone formation, the other process is endochondral ossification.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the various aspects of bone structure and function in this quiz. Explore topics such as bone tissue types, growth, and fractures to enhance your understanding of skeletal health. This quiz also covers bone remodeling processes and the role of bone marrow.

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