Bone Structure and Blood Supply Quiz

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Why is cartilage considered weaker than bone?

Due to being avascular and having limited healing ability (correct)

As it produces ECM at a slower rate

Because it contains more chondrocytes

Because it has a rich blood supply for faster healing

What is the main function of bones in the human body?

To store and release minerals like calcium and phosphate (correct)

To provide flexibility and resilience

To generate heat

To produce insulin

Which type of bone marrow is responsible for hematopoiesis?

Red marrow (correct)

Elastic marrow

Yellow marrow

Compact marrow

What type of bone formation develops flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, the mandible, and central portions of clavicle?

Intramembranous ossification Signup and view all the answers

Where do nutrient arteries typically enter a bone?

At the growth end of the bone Signup and view all the answers

What covers the vital organs such as ribs, skull, and vertebral column for protection?

Compact bone Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone lamellae is associated with concentric plates of bone forming osteons around the central canal?

Concentric lamellae Signup and view all the answers

In bones, what strengthens the extracellular matrix by depositing minerals?

Calcification Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the formation and development of bone?

Ossification Signup and view all the answers

Why is cartilage considered a precursor model for bone growth?

As it serves as a template for bone formation during fetal development Signup and view all the answers

Which layer gives rise to skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscles, bone, blood, dermis, kidneys, ureters, adrenal cortex, and dura mater during development?

Mesoderm Signup and view all the answers

Which type of artery enters the periosteum in the diaphysis through interosteonic canals?

Periosteal artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of vitamin D in the body?

Promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption in the intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is characterized by the bone being bent with one side fractured and the other side intact?

Greenstick fracture Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of bone repair does the formation of fibrocartilaginous callus occur?

Restorative Phase Signup and view all the answers

Which age group experiences a stage where bone resorption is greater than bone deposition?

Middle age adults Signup and view all the answers

In what type of fracture does one end of the broken bone get driven into the other end?

Impacted fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin deficiency can lead to decreased bone density due to the impaired synthesis of bone proteins?

Vitamin K deficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

Removal of Ca2+ and collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone is replaced at a higher rate annually?

Spongy bone at 20% Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of orthodontic braces on bone remodeling?

They increase stress on the bones Signup and view all the answers

In osteoporosis, what is one factor that contributes to the condition?

Decreased hormone production Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone stimulates osteoblast activity in adults?

Thyroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Vitamin C in bone health?

Promotes collagen synthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of osteoprogenitors?

Develop into mature bone cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following bone cells is responsible for resorbing bone matrix?

Osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main inorganic component responsible for providing rigidity to bone?

Calcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] Signup and view all the answers

Where are osteocytes located within bone tissue?

In lacunae, communicating via canaliculi Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue is abundant in epiphysis and supports/protects red bone marrow?

Spongy bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic structural and functional unit of mature compact bone?

Osteon Signup and view all the answers

During endochondral ossification, what happens as chondrocytes hypertrophy?

They start to die due to calcification of ECM Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of endochondral ossification involves the development of the primary ossification center?

Development of medullary cavity Signup and view all the answers

What triggers osteoprogenitor cells to form osteoblasts during endochondral ossification?

Nutrient artery penetration Signup and view all the answers

In endochondral ossification, what type of bone is formed when osteoblasts develop spongy bone around the primary ossification center?

Cancellous bone Signup and view all the answers

Which type of growth in the cartilage model leads to an increase in width?

Appositional growth Signup and view all the answers

When does the diaphysis start to calcify first during endochondral ossification?

6th-8th week Signup and view all the answers

Which structure breaks down trabeculae and replaces most of the diaphysis with compact bone?

Osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ossification develops flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, the mandible, and central portions of the clavicle?

Intramembranous ossification Signup and view all the answers

Where do metaphyseal arteries supply blood in bones?

Between diaphysis and epiphyseal plate Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of bone gives rise to epithelial tissues during embryonic development?

Endoderm Signup and view all the answers

Where do nutrient arteries typically enter bones?

Periosteum through interosteonic canals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary nutrient artery pathway that supplies blood to bones away from the growth end?

Nutrient arteries Signup and view all the answers

Which is responsible for forming concentric plates of bone around the central canal, creating osteons?

Concentric lamellae Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles during embryonic development?

Mesoderm Signup and view all the answers

What type of growth in bone length involves the replacement of cartilage by bone on the diaphyseal side of the epiphyseal plate?

Interstitial growth Signup and view all the answers

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is characterized by large chondrocytes undergoing mitosis, often forming a 'stack of coins' appearance?

Zone of proliferating cartilage Signup and view all the answers

What type of bone growth occurs through the deposition of concentric lamellae around blood vessels by osteoblasts?

Appositional growth Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells differentiate into osteoblasts to secrete collagen fibers and organic molecules for appositional growth in bones?

Periosteal cells Signup and view all the answers

In bone remodeling, which cells destroy bone tissue in the medullary cavity and contribute to increasing the inner diameter as the outer width grows?

Osteoclasts Signup and view all the answers

Which type of growth contributes to an increase in the width of bones and occurs throughout the lifespan?

Appositional growth Signup and view all the answers

What is the final zone in the epiphyseal plate where minerals are deposited, chondrocytes undergo apoptosis, and bone tissue is formed?

Zone of calcified cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tissues are bones primarily categorized as?

Connective Signup and view all the answers

Where do chondrocytes, the functional cells of cartilage, reside?

Lacunae Signup and view all the answers

Which function of bones involves the covering and protection of vital organs?

Protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source and storage of calcium and phosphates in bones?

Calcification Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bone tissue is more flexible and resilient compared to bone?

Hyaline cartilage Signup and view all the answers

Where does hemopoiesis, the production of new red blood cells, primarily occur in adults?

Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the organic component responsible for maintaining bone strength and flexibility?

Collagen fibers Signup and view all the answers

Which bone classification is associated with bones that are longer than they are wide?

Long bones Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of Vitamin D in bone health?

Facilitates Ca2+ and phosphorus absorption in the intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is characterized by one end of the bone being driven into the other?

Impacted fracture Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of bone repair does the formation of a fibrocartilaginous and bony callus occur?

Restorative Phase Signup and view all the answers

Bone Structure and Blood Supply Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Why is cartilage considered weaker than bone?

What is the main function of bones in the human body?

Which type of bone marrow is responsible for hematopoiesis?

What type of bone formation develops flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, the mandible, and central portions of clavicle?

Where do nutrient arteries typically enter a bone?

What covers the vital organs such as ribs, skull, and vertebral column for protection?

Which type of bone lamellae is associated with concentric plates of bone forming osteons around the central canal?

In bones, what strengthens the extracellular matrix by depositing minerals?

What is the term for the formation and development of bone?

Why is cartilage considered a precursor model for bone growth?

Which layer gives rise to skeletal, cardiac, smooth muscles, bone, blood, dermis, kidneys, ureters, adrenal cortex, and dura mater during development?

Which type of artery enters the periosteum in the diaphysis through interosteonic canals?

What is the primary role of vitamin D in the body?

Which type of fracture is characterized by the bone being bent with one side fractured and the other side intact?

During which phase of bone repair does the formation of fibrocartilaginous callus occur?

Which age group experiences a stage where bone resorption is greater than bone deposition?

In what type of fracture does one end of the broken bone get driven into the other end?

Which vitamin deficiency can lead to decreased bone density due to the impaired synthesis of bone proteins?

What is the main function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

Which type of bone is replaced at a higher rate annually?

What is the impact of orthodontic braces on bone remodeling?

In osteoporosis, what is one factor that contributes to the condition?

Which hormone stimulates osteoblast activity in adults?

What is the role of Vitamin C in bone health?

What is the primary function of osteoprogenitors?

Which of the following bone cells is responsible for resorbing bone matrix?

What is the main inorganic component responsible for providing rigidity to bone?

Where are osteocytes located within bone tissue?

Which type of bone tissue is abundant in epiphysis and supports/protects red bone marrow?

What is the basic structural and functional unit of mature compact bone?

During endochondral ossification, what happens as chondrocytes hypertrophy?

Which stage of endochondral ossification involves the development of the primary ossification center?

What triggers osteoprogenitor cells to form osteoblasts during endochondral ossification?

In endochondral ossification, what type of bone is formed when osteoblasts develop spongy bone around the primary ossification center?

Which type of growth in the cartilage model leads to an increase in width?

When does the diaphysis start to calcify first during endochondral ossification?

Which structure breaks down trabeculae and replaces most of the diaphysis with compact bone?

Which type of ossification develops flat bones of the skull, some facial bones, the mandible, and central portions of the clavicle?

Where do metaphyseal arteries supply blood in bones?

Which layer of bone gives rise to epithelial tissues during embryonic development?

Where do nutrient arteries typically enter bones?

What is the primary nutrient artery pathway that supplies blood to bones away from the growth end?

Which is responsible for forming concentric plates of bone around the central canal, creating osteons?

What is the main source of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles during embryonic development?

What type of growth in bone length involves the replacement of cartilage by bone on the diaphyseal side of the epiphyseal plate?

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is characterized by large chondrocytes undergoing mitosis, often forming a 'stack of coins' appearance?

What type of bone growth occurs through the deposition of concentric lamellae around blood vessels by osteoblasts?

Which type of cells differentiate into osteoblasts to secrete collagen fibers and organic molecules for appositional growth in bones?

In bone remodeling, which cells destroy bone tissue in the medullary cavity and contribute to increasing the inner diameter as the outer width grows?

Which type of growth contributes to an increase in the width of bones and occurs throughout the lifespan?

What is the final zone in the epiphyseal plate where minerals are deposited, chondrocytes undergo apoptosis, and bone tissue is formed?

Which type of tissues are bones primarily categorized as?

Where do chondrocytes, the functional cells of cartilage, reside?

Which function of bones involves the covering and protection of vital organs?

What is the main source and storage of calcium and phosphates in bones?

Which type of bone tissue is more flexible and resilient compared to bone?

Where does hemopoiesis, the production of new red blood cells, primarily occur in adults?

What is the organic component responsible for maintaining bone strength and flexibility?

Which bone classification is associated with bones that are longer than they are wide?

What is the main role of Vitamin D in bone health?

Which type of fracture is characterized by one end of the bone being driven into the other?

During which phase of bone repair does the formation of a fibrocartilaginous and bony callus occur?

What type of bone fracture is characterized by partial bending of the bone with one side fractured and the other side intact?

Which group experiences a stage where bone resorption exceeds bone deposition?

What happens during the Bone Remodeling Phase of bone repair?

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