The Human Skeletal System
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

  • To break down and resorb bone tissue (correct)
  • To regulate vitamin D levels
  • To produce calcium supplements
  • To build new bone tissue
  • Approximately how much calcium is destroyed and rebuilt in bones every day?

  • 1 g
  • 5 g
  • 0.5 g (correct)
  • 0.1 g
  • At what age does the activity of osteoblasts typically become less than that of osteoclasts?

  • 20-25 years old
  • 35-40 years old (correct)
  • 45-50 years old
  • 30-35 years old
  • What is the term for the type of bone that is characterized by a shaft and a rounded head at each end?

    <p>Long bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a recommended treatment for osteoporosis?

    <p>Stopping smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How often is the entire skeleton essentially replaced through the process of bone remodeling?

    <p>Every 7 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of yield stress?

    <p>The stress after which material extension takes place more quickly with no or little increase in load</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate stress point?

    <p>The maximum strength that material has to bear stress before breaking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of stress?

    <p>The ratio of the force to the cross-sectional area of the bar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the breaking stress point?

    <p>The point where the strength of material breaks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of shear stress?

    <p>The ratio of the shearing force to the area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the material's behavior up to point B on the stress-strain curve?

    <p>The material is perfectly elastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the vertebral column?

    <p>To provide main support for the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many vertebrae are in the spine?

    <p>33</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is plotted along the vertical axis in the stress-strain curve?

    <p>Stresses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the discs in the spine?

    <p>To allow the spine to bend and twist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Up to which point does the stress and strain remain proportional?

    <p>Proportional limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of marrow stores fat in the bones?

    <p>Yellow bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow?

    <p>2.6 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of point A in the stress-strain curve?

    <p>It marks the proportional limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the law that is defined between point OA in the stress-strain curve?

    <p>Hooke's law of proportionality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the bony thorax?

    <p>To protect the heart and lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the material if it is unloaded before the crossing of point B?

    <p>It returns back to its original position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of point B in the stress-strain curve?

    <p>It marks the elastic limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strain of a material defined as?

    <p>The ratio of changing in length to the original length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shear modulus of a material?

    <p>The ratio of shear stress to shear strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strength of a material?

    <p>The ability of a material to withstand an applied load without failure or plastic deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress tends to shorten the material along the axis of the applied load?

    <p>Compressive stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the opposite of elastic deformation?

    <p>Plastic deformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stress is caused by a pair of opposing forces acting along parallel lines of action?

    <p>Shear stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The compressive stress is the stress state caused by an applied load that tends to elongate the material along the axis of the applied load.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The shear modulus is also known as the elasticity modulus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shear stress is the stress state caused by an applied load that acts to reduce the length of the material along the axis of the applied load.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The strength of a material is its ability to withstand an applied load without failure or plastic deformation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Elasticity is the ability of a material to undergo permanent deformation under stress.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plasticity is the ability of a material to return to its previous shape after stress is released.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tensile stress is the stress state caused by an applied load that acts to reduce the length of the material along the axis of the applied load.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Strain is defined as the ratio of original length to change in length.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The stress-strain curve is a graph that plots stress against time.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Yield stress is the point at which a material begins to undergo plastic deformation.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

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