Bone Fractures

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Questions and Answers

What type of fracture occurs when a bone is weakened by a medical condition?

  • Avulsion fracture
  • Comminuted fracture
  • Closed fracture
  • Pathological fracture (correct)

What is the main difference between a closed fracture and a compound fracture?

  • The location of the fracture
  • The damage to surrounding tissue (correct)
  • The severity of the impact
  • The age of the person

What is the result of a muscle or ligament pulling on a bone?

  • A comminuted fracture
  • A pathological fracture
  • A closed fracture
  • An avulsion fracture (correct)

What is a characteristic of a comminuted fracture?

<p>The bone is broken into many pieces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the symptoms of a fracture?

<p>The age and general health of the person, and the severity of the injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of a fracture?

<p>Inability to put weight on the injured area (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is used to fully assess the fracture in some cases?

<p>MRI or CT scan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of treatment for a fracture?

<p>Providing the best circumstances for healing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can affect the healing time of a fracture?

<p>Severity of the fracture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be used to fixate the bone in place?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a modifiable risk factor for bone fractures?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for the body to absorb calcium?

<p>Vitamin D (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of exercise can help improve bone density?

<p>Weight-bearing exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a good source of calcium?

<p>Milk, cheese, and yogurt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk factor for bone fractures that can be reduced through lifestyle changes?

<p>Smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

What is a Bone Fracture?

  • A bone fracture is a crack or break in a bone.
  • It can occur in any bone in the body.
  • There are several ways a bone can fracture.

Types of Fractures

  • Closed fracture: a break in the bone that does not damage surrounding tissue or tear through the skin.
  • Compound fracture: a break in the bone that damages surrounding tissue and penetrates the skin.
  • Avulsion fracture: a muscle or ligament pulls on the bone, fracturing it.
  • Comminuted fracture: an impact shatters the bone into many pieces.

Symptoms of Fractures

  • Pain
  • Swelling
  • Bruising
  • Discolored skin around the affected area
  • Protrusion of the affected area at an unusual angle
  • Inability to put weight on the injured area
  • Inability to move the affected area
  • Grating sensation in the affected bone or joint
  • Bleeding if it is an open fracture

Diagnosis

  • History of trauma
  • Physical examination
  • X-ray
  • In some cases, an MRI or CT scan may be used to fully assess the fracture.

Treatment

  • Bone healing typically occurs naturally.
  • Treatment focuses on providing the injured bone with the best circumstances for healing and ensuring optimal future function.
  • Methods of fixation include:
    • Casts or braces
    • Metal plates and screws
    • Intramedullary nails or rods
    • External fixings

Healing and Complications

  • Fractures can take several weeks to several months to heal.
  • Healing time depends on:
    • Severity of the fracture
    • Bone affected
    • Complications such as infection or blood supply problems
    • Smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, high body mass index, and NSAID use
    • Age

Prevention

  • A person's diet can affect their risk of fractures.
  • Adequate supplies of calcium and vitamin D are necessary for healthy bones.
  • Good sources of calcium include:
    • Milk
    • Cheese
    • Yogurt
    • Dark green leafy vegetables
  • Good sources of vitamin D include:
    • Sunlight
    • Eggs
    • Oily fish
  • Engaging in weight-bearing exercise can help improve muscle mass and bone density, reducing the risk of bone fractures.

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Related Documents

Fractures (2).docx

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