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Questions and Answers
What is a fracture?
What is a fracture?
- An injury to the ligament surrounding a joint
- A mild stretch of a muscle or tendon
- A total separation of the joint surfaces
- A full or partial break in the continuity of bone tissue (correct)
What is a common symptom associated with a fracture of the leg?
What is a common symptom associated with a fracture of the leg?
- Numbness in the thigh
- Loss of sensation in the foot
- Persistent itching
- Shortening of the leg (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of dislocation?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of dislocation?
- Deformity
- Tenderness
- Swelling
- Fracture of the bone (correct)
Which type of fracture is classified as 'stable'?
Which type of fracture is classified as 'stable'?
Which treatment is essential for a rib fracture?
Which treatment is essential for a rib fracture?
What type of force causes a fracture at the point of impact?
What type of force causes a fracture at the point of impact?
What should be done if a casualty with a spinal fracture is unconscious?
What should be done if a casualty with a spinal fracture is unconscious?
A complicated fracture can affect which of the following?
A complicated fracture can affect which of the following?
What is the appropriate initial treatment for a fracture of the arm?
What is the appropriate initial treatment for a fracture of the arm?
Which type of fracture occurs when the bone bends and partially breaks?
Which type of fracture occurs when the bone bends and partially breaks?
An unstable fracture is defined by what characteristic?
An unstable fracture is defined by what characteristic?
Which type of fracture involves the bone breaking into several fragments?
Which type of fracture involves the bone breaking into several fragments?
Which treatment method is common for both sprains and strains?
Which treatment method is common for both sprains and strains?
What form of muscle contraction can lead to a fracture?
What form of muscle contraction can lead to a fracture?
Which of the following is a sign of a rib fracture?
Which of the following is a sign of a rib fracture?
What is the primary difference between a sprain and a strain?
What is the primary difference between a sprain and a strain?
What should you do if a fracture is suspected in an arm or leg?
What should you do if a fracture is suspected in an arm or leg?
What is a common sign of a greenstick fracture?
What is a common sign of a greenstick fracture?
What symptom is associated with compression fractures of the skull?
What symptom is associated with compression fractures of the skull?
Which first aid principle is NOT applicable to treating a fracture?
Which first aid principle is NOT applicable to treating a fracture?
What condition might indicate a spinal fracture?
What condition might indicate a spinal fracture?
In the case of a concussion, which of the following symptoms can be expected?
In the case of a concussion, which of the following symptoms can be expected?
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Study Notes
Fractures
- A fracture is a full or partial break in bone continuity and is classified as a bone injury.
- Causes of fractures include direct force (break at the point of impact), indirect force (break occurs away from the impact), and muscular force (break due to sudden muscle contraction).
- Fractures are classified as stable (broken ends joined together) or unstable (broken ends displaced).
Types of Fractures
- Greenstick Fracture: A partial fracture more common in children, where the bone bends and partially breaks.
- Simple Fracture: The bone does not pierce through the skin, typically without complications.
- Comminuted Fracture: The bone is shattered into several fragments.
- Impact Fracture: Ends of bones are pushed into one another.
- Complicated Fracture: Affects internal organs, such as lungs or spinal cord.
Signs and Symptoms of Fractures
- Common indicators include pain, swelling and tenderness, discoloration, loss of function, and possible shock.
First Aid Principles for Fractures
- Keep the casualty still and cover the injury.
- Control any bleeding and improvise a stretcher if needed.
- Immobilize the affected part using splinting techniques (body or mechanical splinting).
Types of Fractures with Specific Treatments
- Skull Fracture: Concussion may cause headache, confusion; treatment involves raising head and shoulders and controlling bleeding.
- Rib Fracture: Symptoms include pain and difficulty breathing; support the back and cover chest wall wounds.
- Spine Fracture: Causes serious injury with symptoms like irregular spine curve; treatment involves immobilization and airway protection.
- Arm Fracture: Involves humerus, radius, and ulna; pain and discolouration are common; support the arm in a sling.
- Leg Fracture: Affects femur, tibia, fibula; may cause shortening of the leg; secure the leg and apply splinting.
Dislocations
- Dislocation occurs at a joint with displacement of bones, often damaging ligaments.
- Symptoms include pain, swelling, tenderness, and deformity; treatment involves immobilization and hospital referral.
Sprains and Strains
- Sprains involve joint damage, while strains involve muscle injury; both present similar symptoms.
- Symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, and movement issues; treatment focuses on support, ice application, and elevation, with X-rays if necessary.
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