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Questions and Answers
What is the correct term for the anatomical position that serves as a reference point?
If the nose is superior to the chin, in relation to the chin, where is the chin located?
Which term describes the movement of a body part towards the midline of the body?
In anatomical terms, which direction is the hand in relation to the arm?
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Which term refers to a body part being closer to the point of attachment or trunk of the body?
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If the thumb is lateral to the index finger, where is the index finger located in relation to the thumb?
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To which concept does 'homeostasis' refer to?
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What is a key aspect of anatomical terminology when describing body locations?
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'Superior' in anatomical terms typically refers to a direction that is ________.
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How are specific movements of the body defined?
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Study Notes
Body Planes
- The body can be divided into sections using three planes: Coronal, Sagittal, and Transverse.
- The Sagittal plane divides the body into left and right pieces, with the Midsagittal or median plane dividing the body into mirror image left and right halves.
- The Coronal plane divides the body into front and back sections.
- The Transverse plane divides the body into top and bottom sections.
Movement
- Movement occurs in planes: Sagittal (back and forward), Coronal (side to side), and Transverse (rotating).
- In the Sagittal plane, movements include Flexion (decreasing the angle) and Extension (increasing the angle).
- Examples of movement in the Sagittal plane include:
- Flexion: bringing the fleshy parts of the limb closer together.
- Extension: increasing the angle between bones.
- Dorsiflexion: toes moving towards the face.
- Plantarflexion: toes pointing towards the ground.
- In the Coronal plane, movements include Abduction (moving away from the midline) and Adduction (moving towards the midline).
- Examples of movement in the Coronal plane include:
- Abduction: moving a limb away from the midline.
- Adduction: moving a limb towards the midline.
- Inversion: the sole of the foot facing towards the midline.
- Eversion: the sole of the foot turning away from the midline.
Specialised Movements
- Circumduction: a combination of four movements (flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction) without rotation.
- Rotation: movement around the long axis of a joint, with lateral (external) and medial (internal) rotations.
- Pronation: the palm facing posterior.
- Supination: the palm facing anterior, with forearm bones parallel.
Anatomical Terminology
- Specific terminology is used to refer to body parts, directions, and movements.
- Examples of anatomical terminology include:
- Upper Limb: Arm, Forearm, Hand.
- Lower Limb: Thigh, Leg, Foot.
Anatomical Position
- The anatomical position is upright, facing forwards, with feet together and palms facing forwards.
- This position remains the same regardless of movement.
Terms of Direction
- Terms of direction are used to describe body parts in relation to other parts, including:
- Anterior: towards the front.
- Posterior: towards the back.
- Superior: towards the top.
- Inferior: towards the bottom.
- Medial: towards the midline.
- Lateral: away from the midline.
- Proximal: closer to the point of attachment.
- Distal: further from the point of attachment.
- Superficial: closer to the surface.
- Deep: further from the surface.
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Description
Test your knowledge on body planes and divisions with this quiz. Identify the differences between coronal, sagittal, and transverse planes, as well as their functions in anatomy. This quiz covers concepts from 'Visual Anatomy & Physiology' and 'Atlas of Human Anatomy'.
