BMT 342 Basics of Networking - Lecture 3

BMT 342: Basics of Networking - Lecture 3

• Course name: BMT 342 Basics of Networking
• Lecture number: 3
• Instructor: Dr. Asma Abahussin
• Department: Biomedical Technology
• College: College of Applied Medical Sciences
• University: King Saud University

Objectives

• Master basic computer networking terminology
• Understand fundamental networking concepts
• Identify and describe basic network devices

Network Basic Terminologies

• A network is a group of connected computers and devices enabling communication and data exchange
• Two main network types:
  • Local Area Network (LAN): Covers a small area like an office or home
  • Wide Area Network (WAN): Spans a large area, encompassing cities, countries, or even the entire world. WANs often connect multiple LANs for long-distance communication

Network Basic Terminologies (Continued)

• Communication Protocol: A set of rules and methods enabling seamless communication between different devices and systems. Protocols are agreed upon at both the sending and receiving ends.
  • Components of a communication protocol often involve
    • Syntax: The structure, or format of data being exchanged
    • Timing: The synchronization for sending and receiving data to ensure appropriate speed and order
    • Flow Control: Managing the speed of data transfer to prevent overwhelming the receiver

Communication Protocol (Cont'd)

• Error Control: Detects and fixes faults in data transmission.
• Security: Protects the data's confidentiality, integrity, and validity. This includes techniques like encryption, authentication, access controls, and other security procedures

Network Basic Concepts

• Internet Protocol (IP) Address: A unique numerical identifier for each network device; allows devices to identify each other and communicate.
  • Example: 142.251.32.46
• Domain Name System (DNS): A naming database that associates web IP addresses with domain names (e.g., web addresses or URLs)
  • Example: www.google.com translates to the IP address 142.251.32.46
• DNS is essentially the phonebook of the Internet

Network Basic Devices

• Router: Connects a LAN to the internet through a modem. It uses DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) to assign unique IP addresses to each device on the LAN. It also uses NAT (Network Address Translation) to manage data traffic between the LAN and the internet, hiding private LAN IP addresses from the internet.
• LAN devices are typically connected either via wires or wirelessly to the router.
• Modem: The device that modulates signals for transmission over communication lines (cable, satellite). It receives data from the internet, and provides the connection from the router.
• Modem-Router: Combines the functions of a modem and a router into one device.

Example of a LAN setup

• Displays a diagram with numbered devices in a LAN network, each with unique IP addresses, connected to a router that has a public IP address to connect from.

In this quiz, you'll explore the fundamental terms and concepts of computer networking taught in BMT 342. Focus is placed on the differences between Local Area Networks (LAN) and Wide Area Networks (WAN), along with essential networking devices and communication protocols. Test your knowledge and solidify your understanding of these basic networking principles.