BMS 143: Hearing and Balance Quiz

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What is the function of the round window?

It houses the sense organ for hearing

It vibrates the perilymph at the oval window

It separates the scala tympani from the middle ear (correct)

It separates the scala vestibuli from the middle ear

Which membrane is the floor of the cochlear duct?

The oval window membrane

The basilar membrane (correct)

The tectorial membrane

The vestibular membrane

Where are the auditory hair cells located?

On the basilar membrane

Within the scala vestibuli

On the tectorial membrane

Within the organ of Corti (correct)

How many rows of outer hair cells are present in the organ of Corti?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the stereocilia on hair cells?

They contact the tectorial membrane Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when outer hair cells depolarize?

They shorten Signup and view all the answers

What structures are linked by tip links?

Stereocilia tips in adjacent rows Signup and view all the answers

Which property of the basilar membrane determines pitch discrimination?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the ear is responsible for converting sound waves into nerve impulses?

Cochlea Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the vestibular apparatus?

To maintain equilibrium and balance Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about sound localization is true?

Sounds from behind are less clear due to the pinna shape Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Eustachian tube?

To equalize air pressure between the middle ear and the outside environment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a fluid-filled compartment in the cochlea?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What separates the scala vestibuli from the middle ear?

Oval window Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the three middle ear bones (ossicles)?

Orbicularis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the pinna?

To collect and channel sound waves into the ear canal Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the cochlea is responsible for detecting low pitches?

The helicotrema Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the unique sound characteristics or timbre of a sound?

The presence of additional frequencies superimposed on the fundamental tone Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss is caused by a blockage in the external or middle ear, preventing sound waves from being adequately conducted to the inner ear?

Conductive deafness Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the vestibular apparatus is responsible for detecting linear motion in the horizontal plane?

The utricle Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of age-related hearing loss, also known as presbycusis?

Degeneration of hair cells in the cochlea over time Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss is caused by a defect or dysfunction in the organ of Corti, auditory nerve, or auditory cortex?

Sensorineural deafness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kinocili in the vestibular apparatus?

To detect mechanical deformation and movement Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, approximately what percentage of cochlear hair cells are lost by the age of 65 due to age-related hearing loss?

40% Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the otolith organ in the vestibular system?

Detection of linear motion Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when there is a mismatch between visual and spatial senses that leads to motion sickness?

Vestibular nerve transmits signals to the brain Signup and view all the answers

What happens during depolarization in the hair cells of the vestibular system?

Stereocilia bend towards the kinocilium Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the hair cell is covered by an ampullary cupula in the vestibular system?

Stereocilia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the tip links connecting the hair cell to the stereocilia in the vestibular system?

To pull on mechanically gated ion channels Signup and view all the answers

During hyperpolarization in the hair cells, what is the position of the stereocilia relative to the kinocilium?

Bending away from the kinocilium Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the otolith organ is penetrated by both kinocilium and stereocilia?

Otolith membrane Signup and view all the answers