BMS 1 Final

What is the definition of hypertrophy?

What is a cause of hypertrophy?

What is the definition of hyperplasia?

Which is NOT a physiological cause of hyperplasia?

What is metaplasia?

What is dysplasia?

Which cell types are unable to exhibit hyperplasia?

Which of the following is NOT a component studied by pathologists?

Which cellular response to injury is irreversible?

What is the main cause of atrophy?

What are the two patterns of cell death?

Which term describes the ability of cells to adjust to changing demands and extracellular stress?

What is the clinical significance of pathology?

What happens if the adaptive capability of a cell is exceeded?

Which type of cells replicate at a low level throughout life and have the capacity to divide if stimulated by some initiating event?

What are the examples of permanent cells that cannot replicate?

Which stage of the cell cycle is typically brief?

Which form of extracellular signaling involves signaling to nearby cells?

What are the two separate processes involved in wound healing?

Which cells regenerate at a normal rate, throughout life and also known as labile cells?

What are the stages of the cell cycle that generally constitute the majority of the time of the cell cycle?

What are the cells that cannot replicate and also known as permanent cells?

Which growth factor is NOT responsible for inducing angiogenesis?

Which type of wound healing occurs with clean wounds with little tissue damage and closely approximated wound edges?

What type of collagen makes up the basement membranes of the body?

Which type of collagen predominates in keloid formation?

Which molecule confers tissues the ability to recoil and return to a baseline structure after physical stress?

What is the characteristic feature of granulation tissue during tissue repair?

Which growth factor is primarily responsible for the maintenance of cell differentiation

Which molecule is a component of the basement membrane?

Which molecule is NOT considered a glycoprotein and an adhesion molecule?

Which molecule is a proteoglycan and a component of the extracellular matrix?

Which component of the extracellular matrix is a basic structural protein conferring tensile strength?

What time period does the granulation period occur during a tissue repair?

What are the signs of acute inflammation?

What are the two major stages of acute inflammation?

What cell types help mediate a contraction in wound repair?

What triggers the start of acute inflammation?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of serous inflammation?

What is the CORRECT order for cellular events in acute inflammation?

Which type of chronic inflammation is characterized by the proliferation of fibroblasts and an important loss of organ function?

What is the distinctive pattern common to a few diseases, characterized by the presence of granulomas?

Which disease is characterized by non-caseating granulomas?

What is the primary cellular infiltrate in acute inflammation?

Which feature distinguishes fibrinous inflammation from serous inflammation?

Which type of cell is the precursor of macrophages?

What is a common feature of many chronic inflammatory diseases and an important cause of organ function loss?

What is the characteristic feature of suppurative inflammation?

Which systemic manifestation is NOT typically associated with inflammation?

Which cell type is primarily responsible for the onset of acute inflammation?

Which cellular response is primarily responsible for the clinical evidence of heat and redness in acute inflammation?

Which amine is NOT considered a vasoactive amine?

Which type of cells primarily migrate towards the injury site through chemotaxis and undergo activation, degranulation, and phagocytosis in acute inflammation?

Which vasoactive amine is produced by ONLY platelets?

What primarily activates inflammatory cells during cell-mediated responses?

What are the outcomes of acute inflammation?

What does NOT characterizes chronic inflammation?

What primarily mediates the return to normal vascular permeability, removal of edema fluid and proteins, and eventual exodus of macrophages in the complete resolution of inflammation?

What may result from viral or persistent infections?

What primarily involves tissue destruction and repair by angiogenesis and fibrosis in chronic inflammation?

Which stage of acute inflammation includes vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation induced by inflammatory chemicals, leading to redness, heat, and swelling?

What is the proliferation of fibroblasts?

What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

Which type of immune defense relies on the action of antibodies?

What is the characteristic feature of an autoimmune disorder?

Which cells are specialized to assist B cells and directly kill infected cells in the immune system?

Which type of cells are crucial for fighting infections and are produced by the thymus gland?

What is the primary function of lymph nodes?

Which system provides feverishly fast, non-specific defense against pathogens?

What is a key function of the innate immune response involving chemotaxis, adherence, ingestion, digestion, and killing?

Which immune response is activated when pathogens bypass innate defenses and involves the recognition of antigens, production of antibodies, and activation of B and T cells?

What stimulates an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies that attach to the antigen to destroy the pathogen?

Which cells play crucial roles in humoral and cell-mediated immunity?

What are the pathways of the complement system that activate inflammation, opsonization, and direct killing of target cells and microbes?

What is it called when the body generates an excess immune response to often harmless foreign antigen?

What term refers to protection against infection?

Which organs are considered as secondary lymphatic organs?

Which immune system component provides non-specific defense against pathogens using physical and chemical barriers, phagocytes, and the complement system?

Which growth factor is primarily responsible for wound contraction?

What are the components of acute and chronic inflammatory response?

Which immunoglobulin triggers an immediate allergic reaction?

Which immunoglobulin is secreted during primary immune response?

Which two immunoglobulins are MOST important?

What type of drugs block the synthesis of prostaglandins in the PNS?