BMS 133: Infratemporal Fossa and TMJ Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What muscle attaches to the medial side of the occlusal plane?

  • Superior pharyngeal constrictor
  • Masseter
  • Medial pterygoid (correct)
  • Buccinator

    • Where does the lingual nerve emerge between?

  • Lateral pterygoid muscle and TMJ capsule
  • Superior and inferior heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle
  • Medial and inferior pterygoid muscles
  • Medial and lateral pterygoid muscles (correct)

    • Which muscle is involved in moving the jaw forward?

  • Superior pharyngeal constrictor
  • Medial pterygoid (correct)
  • Masseter
  • Buccinator

    • What is the common origin for both the Buccinator muscle and Pharyngeal constrictor muscle?

    <p>Pterygomandibular raphe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the superficial face?

    <p>Trigeminal nerve (CN V)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle assists in mastication but is not directly involved in mastication?

    <p>Buccinator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'V3' refers to which branch of the trigeminal nerve?

    <p>Both sensory and motor divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Pterygomandibular triangle' is located between which two muscles?

    <p>Lateral pterygoid and Medial pterygoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the bicuspids, canines, and incisors?

    <p>Inferior alveolar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of the mandibular nerve carries taste fibers from the anterior tongue?

    <p>Chorda tympani nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery provides the primary blood supply to the mandible?

    <p>Inferior alveolar artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve branch innervates the anterior digastric and mylohyoid muscles?

    <p>Mylohyoid nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the pterygopalatine fossa?

    <p>Artery of the pterygoid canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which venous structure drains the infratemporal fossa?

    <p>Pterygoid venous plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve branch may attach to the inferior alveolar nerve in the mylohyoid groove of the mandible?

    <p>Mylohyoid nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery supplies the lateral pterygoid muscle?

    <p>Pterygoid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the parotid gland?

    <p>Produces saliva for lubrication and digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the parotid gland's secretomotor function?

    <p>Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures does NOT traverse through the parotid gland?

    <p>Lingual nerve (V3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the infratemporal fossa?

    <p>Contains the muscles of mastication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the parotid gland?

    <p>Auriculotemporal nerve (V3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the masticator space?

    <p>Parotid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the chorda tympani branch of the facial nerve?

    <p>Transmits taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the fascial compartment surrounding the infratemporal fossa?

    <p>Capsule of the submandibular gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following motor nuclei innervates the muscles of mastication?

    <p>Motor nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a function of the tensor tympani muscle?

    <p>Assisting in chewing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves innervates the anterior two-thirds of the tongue?

    <p>Lingual nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following branches of the trigeminal nerve innervates the parotid gland, TMJ, and lateral scalp?

    <p>Auriculotemporal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the trigeminal ganglion?

    <p>Contains pseudounipolar nerve cell bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves innervates the mylohyoid muscle?

    <p>Inferior alveolar nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the meningeal branch of the trigeminal nerve?

    <p>Innervates the meninges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves passes through the mental foramen and innervates the lower lip, skin, and gingiva?

    <p>Mental nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first movement during TMJ opening?

    <p>Rotation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle contracts to allow the disc to move forwards during jaw opening?

    <p>Lateral pterygoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the 'pops and clicks' sometimes experienced in the jaw joint?

    <p>Anterior displacement of the disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for the second movement of the TMJ opening, which involves sliding within the superior joint space?

    <p>Lateral pterygoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What plays a role in balancing the posterior pull of the elastic superior retrodiscal lamina to keep the TMJ disc positioned between the two bones?

    <p>Superior head of lateral pterygoid muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause abnormal TMJ movements where the condyle may move off the articular eminence?

    <p>Full relaxation of lateral pterygoid muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During jaw closure, which head of the lateral pterygoid muscle contracts?

    <p>Superior head</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Minor assistance in jaw movements' is provided by which group of muscles?

    <p>Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the lingual tonsil located?

    <p>Posterior 1/3 of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure forms arches around the tonsil?

    <p>Palatine tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What oral cavity structure is innervated by CN IX?

    <p>Oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones make up the oral cavity?

    <p>Maxilla + Palatine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium lines the oral cavity?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the hard palate located?

    <p>Anterior 2/3 of the palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tonsil detects pathogens?

    <p>Palatine tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the nasopharynx from the oropharynx?

    <p>Palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serves as the attachment site for buccinator and superior constrictor muscles?

    <p>Pterygomandibular raphe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the palatoglossus muscle?

    <p>Raises the soft palate and pulls the tongue forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by abnormal growths on the hard palate?

    <p>Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is found within the soft palate and is part of the lymphoid tissue ring surrounding the oropharynx?

    <p>Palatine tonsil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a border of the hard palate?

    <p>Inferior: tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure is found at the posterior end of the soft palate?

    <p>Uvula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in the movement of the soft palate?

    <p>Buccinator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the palatopharyngeus muscle?

    <p>Seals the oral cavity from the oropharynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by a cystic lining within the nasopalatine duct?

    <p>Nasopalatine duct cyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT found on the soft palate?

    <p>Incisive papilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for sealing the nasopharynx from the oropharynx?

    <p>Tensor palatini muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery provides the primary blood supply to the soft palate and palatine glands?

    <p>Ascending palatine artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the palatine aponeurosis?

    <p>Expands the tendon of the tensor veli palatini muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the soft palate?

    <p>Lesser palatine nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is innervated by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve (V3)?

    <p>Tensor palatini muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the anterior hard palate and nasal septum?

    <p>Greater palatine nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle attaches to the auditory tube and the petrous temporal bone?

    <p>Levator palatini muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the nasopalatine nerve?

    <p>Provides sensory innervation to the anterior hard palate and nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is the site of attachment for the soft palate muscles?

    <p>Palatine aponeurosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve innervates the muscles responsible for elevating the soft palate?

    <p>Pharyngeal plexus of CN X/CN XI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Muscles of Mastication

    • Innervated by Motor CN V (Trigeminal Nerve)
    • Origin from 2nd branchial arch
    • Trigeminal ganglion contains pseudounipolar nerve cell bodies, no synapse, primary sensory nerve fibers from the face
    • Motor nucleus for masticatory muscles, mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani

    Trigeminal Nuclei

    • Receive proprioceptive fiber synapses going to the brain, forming a reflex arc
    • Example: jaw jerk reflex when biting cheek/tongue

    Trigeminal Ganglion

    • Cell bodies of the trigeminal ganglion contain:
      • Touch from face, mouth, etc.
      • Principal/main (pontine) nuclei
      • Spinal trigeminal nuclei
      • Extends to C3

    Trigeminal Stem

    • Medial pterygoid nerve
    • Tensor tympani nerve
    • Meningeal branch
    • V3 anterior division motor branches
      • Deep temporal nerves (2)
      • Masseteric nerve
      • Lateral pterygoid nerve
    • Sensory branch: Long buccal nerve
      • Penetrates the buccinator but does not innervate V3 posterior division

    Sensory Branches

    • Auriculotemporal nerve: Parotid gland, TMJ, and lateral scalp
    • Lingual nerve: Lingual gingiva and anterior 2/3 of the tongue
    • Medial to the inferior alveolar nerve
    • Inferior alveolar nerve: Mylohyoid, mental, and mucosa
    • Incisive: Terminal branch stays in bone at the 2nd bicuspid
    • Innervates bicuspids, canines, and incisors
    • Molars innervated prior to split

    Motor Branches

    • Mylohyoid branch: Motor innervation to the anterior digastric and the mylohyoid
    • Primarily a motor nerve but also has sensory branches
    • In the mylohyoid groove of the mandible
    • Branches may dive into the bone and attach to the IA nerve
    • Chorda tympani:
      • Branch of CN VII
      • Carries SSA taste fibers from the anterior tongue
      • Secretomotor fibers to salivary glands (Submandibular and Sublingual glands)
      • Joins lingual nerve of V3 in the infratemporal fossa

    Blood Supply

    • Maxillary artery:
      • Mandibular (DAM AI)
      • External carotid to inferior border of the lateral pterygoid muscle
    • Deep auricular
    • Anterior tympanic
    • Middle meningeal
    • Accessory meningeal (not present in everyone)
    • Enters the skull through the foramen ovale
    • Inferior alveolar: Primary blood supply to the mandible
      • Gives rise to the mylohyoid, mental, and incisive branches
    • Pterygoid (DM Less Big Ladies Man)
    • Portion that crosses the lateral pterygoid muscle
    • Deep temporal (2)
    • Medial pterygoid
    • Lateral pterygoid
    • Buccal
    • Lingual
    • Masseteric
    • Pterygopalatine (SPPAID)
      • Portion in the pterygopalatine fossa
      • Follows branches of V2

    TMJ and Jaw Movements

    • TMJ opening: 1st movement is rotation (hinging within the inferior joint space)
    • 2nd rotation is translation (sliding/translation within the superior joint space)
    • Lateral movements: Superficial muscle contraction on the side of movement + deep muscle contraction of the opposite side
    • Opening:
      • Disc translates forward with the mandible
      • Condyle rotates posteriorly over its head
      • Superior retrodiscal lamina stretches, allowing disc to move forwards
    • Closing: Superior head of lateral pterygoid muscle contracts
    • Inferior head is quiet, balancing posterior pull of elastic superior retrodiscal lamina, keeping the disc positioned between the two bones

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the Infratemporal Fossa, TMJ, and related structures such as the parotid gland, CN VII, external carotid artery, and more. Explore the anatomy and functions of these important components in the oral region.

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