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Questions and Answers
What should you do for a 60-year-old male who is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic?
Begin CPR until an AED is available.
After establishing that an adult patient is unresponsive and not breathing, what should you check for?
Check for a carotid pulse.
How is basic life support (BLS) defined?
Noninvasive emergency care that is used to treat conditions such as airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.
Chest compressions will be effective if the patient is in a bed.
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Which of the following complications are associated with chest compressions?
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Gastric distention will MOST likely occur if you ventilate a patient too fast. True or False?
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What is the compression to ventilation ratio in two-rescuer adult CPR?
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What should be your initial treatment to dislodge a severe foreign body airway obstruction in a responsive infant?
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Forceful coughing is a sign of a sudden severe upper airway obstruction.
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What does the fifth link in the chain of survival include?
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How does the impedance threshold device (ITD) improve circulation during CPR?
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What is the proper depth of chest compressions on a 9-month-old infant?
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When ventilating an apneic adult with a simple barrier device, what should you watch for?
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What should you do when applying AED pads to a woman in cardiac arrest with a medication patch?
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Dependent blood pooling is considered an obvious sign of death and would not require the initiation of CPR.
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Care being transferred to a bystander is an indication to stop CPR once you have started.
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What maneuver should be used to open a patient's airway when a spinal injury is suspected?
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How long without oxygen is some brain damage almost certain?
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After an advanced airway device has been inserted during cardiac arrest, how should you ventilate an infant or child?
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What should you do after an advanced airway has been inserted during two-rescuer CPR?
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What is appropriate treatment for a patient with a mild upper airway obstruction?
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CPR should be initiated when a valid living will is unavailable.
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During one-rescuer adult CPR, what is the minimum number of chest compressions that should be delivered per minute?
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When performing CPR during two-rescuer CPR, where should the second rescuer move?
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What should you do if massive gastric distention makes it impossible to adequately ventilate a patient?
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What is the most common cause of cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children?
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What should be done during two-rescuer adult CPR to help with compressions?
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What is the main benefit of using a mechanical piston or load-distributing band device for chest compressions?
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What is the correct ratio of compressions to ventilations when performing two-rescuer child CPR?
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When assessing the pulse of an unresponsive infant, which artery should you palpate?
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How should you compress the chest when performing CPR on a child?
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When you apply AED pads to a woman in cardiac arrest with a medication patch, what should you do?
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Which of the following is NOT a BLS intervention?
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What techniques should you use to dislodge a foreign body airway obstruction in a patient who is in an advanced stage of pregnancy or very obese?
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You and your partner arrive at the side of a 60-year-old woman who suddenly collapsed about 7 minutes ago. What should you do?
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What should you perform if a patient with a severe airway obstruction becomes unresponsive?
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How should you deliver chest compressions to an unconscious adult patient in cardiac arrest?
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Study Notes
Basic Life Support (BLS) Overview
- BLS refers to noninvasive emergency procedures to address airway obstruction, respiratory arrest, and cardiac arrest.
- Chest compressions should not be performed effectively if the patient is in a bed.
CPR Procedures
- Begin CPR for a 60-year-old male found unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic until an AED is available.
- For an adult patient who is unresponsive and not breathing, check for a carotid pulse.
- In two-rescuer adult CPR, follow a compression to ventilation ratio of 30:2.
Ventilation Guidelines
- Ventilate an apneic adult with a simple barrier device while ensuring adequate chest rise.
- After inserting an advanced airway during cardiac arrest, ventilate an infant or child every 6 to 8 seconds.
Obstruction Management
- Initial treatment for severe foreign body airway obstruction in a responsive infant involves back blows.
- Abdominal thrusts for a responsive child or adult with a severe obstruction should continue until unresponsive.
Signs and Complications
- Signs of severe airway obstruction include stridor, inability to speak, and decreased consciousness; forceful coughing is not a sign.
- Gastric distention is a complication that may arise from ventilating too rapidly and can hinder effective breaths.
The Chain of Survival
- The fifth link focuses on controlling body temperature to enhance neurologic recovery after cardiac arrest.
Pediatric Considerations
- Correct chest compression depth for a 9-month-old should be at least one-third of the chest diameter.
- Use of a pediatric AED and energy reducer is recommended for children up to 12 to 14 years old.
Advanced Procedures
- Jaw-thrust maneuvers are preferred when spinal injury is suspected.
- Rescue fatigue from manual compressions can be mitigated using mechanical devices for chest compressions.
Signs of Death
- Dependent blood pooling is an obvious sign of death, negating the need for CPR initiation.
- CPR should be sustained unless care is effectively transferred to another qualified party.
Other Key Points
- Survival rates in cases of ventricular fibrillation decrease by 7% to 10% for each minute untreated.
- After 6 minutes without oxygen, the likelihood of brain damage increases significantly.
- The main causes of cardiac arrest in infants and children often stem from respiratory issues.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on Basic Life Support (BLS) techniques with these flashcards from Chapter 12. This quiz covers essential actions to take in emergency situations, including CPR and AED use. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals.
