Blood Vessels & Circulation Chapter 20
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for an internal blood clot that is stationary?

  • Thrombus (correct)
  • Embolus
  • Varicose veins
  • Vascular sinuses

    • What is the main function of capillaries?

  • To transport oxygen and nutrients to the body
  • To regulate blood pressure
  • To allow for exchange of gases and nutrients between blood and tissues (correct)
  • To filter waste products from the blood

    • What type of capillaries contain pores and are more permeable than continuous capillaries?

  • Continuous capillaries
  • Varicose capillaries
  • Fenestrated capillaries (correct)
  • Sinusoid capillaries

    • What is the term for the interweaving network of capillaries?

    <p>Capillary beds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the volume of blood flowing through a vessel, an organ, or the entire body?

    <p>Blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of valves in veins?

    <p>To prevent backflow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that affects blood pressure in the arteries when the ventricles contract?

    <p>Systolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors increases blood pressure?

    <p>Increase in blood viscosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the respiratory pump in short-term blood pressure regulation?

    <p>To help force blood back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of baroreceptors in the regulation of blood pressure?

    <p>To send impulses related to blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on blood pressure?

    <p>They increase heart rate and cardiac output, causing vasoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average blood pressure in the capillaries?

    <p>35 mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What arteries branch off from the thoracic aorta?

    <p>Intercostal arteries, bronchial arteries, and phrenic arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hepatic portal vein?

    <p>To carry blood from one capillary network to another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the digestive system?

    <p>Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, and inferior mesenteric artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the eventual destination of the blood from the lower body?

    <p>Inferior vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the hepatic artery and the liver?

    <p>The hepatic artery supplies the liver with oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of arterioles in the arterial system?

    <p>To regulate the flow of blood into the capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the obstruction or constriction of an artery leading to insufficient blood supply to an organ or body part?

    <p>Ischemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the thinnest layer of a blood vessel?

    <p>Tunica interna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component of the tunica media?

    <p>Smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the precapillary sphincters?

    <p>To regulate blood flow into the capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest artery in the body?

    <p>Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus and causes kidneys to reabsorb water?

    <p>Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the kidneys in long-term blood pressure regulation?

    <p>To regulate blood volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a condition where the blood pressure is too low due to blood loss, vomiting, or diarrhea?

    <p>Hypovolemic shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an indirect mechanism of blood pressure regulation by the kidneys?

    <p>Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where the blood pressure is too high?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the branch point of the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery?

    <p>Aortic arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

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