10 Questions
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products
Which chamber of the heart receives deoxygenated blood from the body?
Right atrium
What type of blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
Artery
What are the three main components of blood?
Plasma, red blood cells, and formed elements
What is the purpose of one-way valves in veins?
To prevent backflow of blood
Which type of blood cell is responsible for carrying oxygen to cells?
Red blood cell
What is the pathway of deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?
Body → right atrium → right ventricle → lungs
Which type of artery is able to stretch to accommodate changes in blood pressure?
Elastic artery
What is the term for the circulation of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart?
Pulmonary circulation
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
To form blood clots
Study Notes
Circulatory System
Overview
- Also known as the cardiovascular system
- Responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products
- Consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood
Heart
- Muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
- Located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs
- Divided into four chambers:
- Right atrium (receives deoxygenated blood from the body)
- Right ventricle (pumps blood to the lungs)
- Left atrium (receives oxygenated blood from the lungs)
- Left ventricle (pumps blood to the rest of the body)
Blood Vessels
- Arteries:
- Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Thicker walls to withstand higher blood pressure
- Divided into:
- Elastic arteries (e.g., aorta)
- Muscular arteries (e.g., brachial artery)
- Veins:
- Carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart
- Thinner walls, less muscular
- Contain one-way valves to prevent backflow
- Capillaries:
- Tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with cells
- Walls are thin and permeable
Blood
- Liquid tissue that transports:
- Oxygen from lungs to cells
- Nutrients from digestive system to cells
- Waste products from cells to excretory organs
- Composition:
- Plasma (liquid portion)
- Formed elements (cells and cell fragments):
- Red blood cells (RBCs, carry oxygen)
- White blood cells (WBCs, part of immune system)
- Platelets (involved in blood clotting)
Blood Circulation
- Pulmonary circulation:
- Deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs (right ventricle)
- Oxygenated blood from lungs to heart (left atrium)
- Systemic circulation:
- Oxygenated blood from heart to body (left ventricle)
- Deoxygenated blood from body to heart (right atrium)
Circulatory System
- Also known as the cardiovascular system
- Responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste products
Heart
- Muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
- Located in the thoracic cavity, between the lungs
- Divided into four chambers:
- Right atrium: receives deoxygenated blood from the body
- Right ventricle: pumps blood to the lungs
- Left atrium: receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
- Left ventricle: pumps blood to the rest of the body
Blood Vessels
- Arteries:
- Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
- Thicker walls to withstand higher blood pressure
- Divided into:
- Elastic arteries (e.g., aorta)
- Muscular arteries (e.g., brachial artery)
- Veins:
- Carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart
- Thinner walls, less muscular
- Contain one-way valves to prevent backflow
- Capillaries:
- Tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with cells
- Walls are thin and permeable
Blood
- Liquid tissue that transports:
- Oxygen from lungs to cells
- Nutrients from digestive system to cells
- Waste products from cells to excretory organs
- Composition:
- Plasma (liquid portion)
- Formed elements (cells and cell fragments):
- Red blood cells (RBCs, carry oxygen)
- White blood cells (WBCs, part of immune system)
- Platelets (involved in blood clotting)
Blood Circulation
- Pulmonary circulation:
- Deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs (right ventricle)
- Oxygenated blood from lungs to heart (left atrium)
- Systemic circulation:
- Oxygenated blood from heart to body (left ventricle)
- Deoxygenated blood from body to heart (right atrium)
Explore the circulatory system, responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells, and learn about the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
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