Blood Sample Composition
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Questions and Answers

What is the main component of plasma?

  • Platelets
  • White blood cells
  • Water (correct)
  • Red blood cells

What is the term for the layer of white blood cells in a centrifuged blood sample?

  • Erythrocyte layer
  • Buffy coat (correct)
  • Plasma layer
  • Platelet layer

What is the term for the solid components of blood?

  • Formed elements (correct)
  • Serum
  • Plasma
  • Blood cells

What is the process by which a blood sample is separated into its components?

<p>Centrifugation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the liquid part of blood after clotting?

<p>Serum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical pressure at the junction of the venae cavae with the right atrium?

<p>0 mmHg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of sympathetic nerve activity on blood vessels?

<p>Decreases compliance and diameter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the diameter of blood vessels when smooth muscle contracts?

<p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased sympathetic nerve activity on blood vessels?

<p>Decreased blood flow and increased pressure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of reducing compliance in blood vessels?

<p>Decreases blood flow and increases pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the difference in colloid osmotic pressure between blood plasma and interstitial fluid?

<p>Oncotic pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the colloid osmotic pressure of interstitial fluid?

<p>0 mmHg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the oncotic pressure in the body?

<p>It prevents the loss of fluid from the bloodstream (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of the colloid osmotic pressure difference between blood plasma and interstitial fluid?

<p>Fluid moves from the tissues into the bloodstream (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if the oncotic pressure of blood plasma were to decrease?

<p>Fluid would move from the bloodstream into the tissues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the pressure in ventricles falls below that of atria?

<p>The AV valve opens. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of atrial contraction?

<p>To send the last of the blood to the ventricles. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of the cardiac cycle does the AV valve open?

<p>Rapid filling. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the pressure in the ventricles during rapid filling?

<p>It decreases below that of the atria. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of the AV valve opening during rapid filling?

<p>The ventricles fill with blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the number of chains in a Hemoglobin molecule?

<p>4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecule is bound to each Globin chain?

<p>Heme (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What element is contained in the heme molecule?

<p>Iron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Iron group in heme?

<p>To combine with oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the molecule formed by the combination of Globin chains and heme molecules?

<p>Hemoglobin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood Composition

  • Blood is composed of plasma and formed elements
  • Formed elements include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

Plasma

  • Plasma is the fluid part of blood consisting of water and dissolved solutes
  • Plasma proteins include globins, which are bound to heme, a red-pigmented molecule containing iron
  • Iron group of heme combines with oxygen

Blood Pressure

  • Lowest pressure at the junction of the venae cavae with the right atrium is 0 mmHg
  • Rapid filling of ventricles occurs when pressure in ventricles falls below that of atria, and AV valve opens
  • Atria contraction sends the last of blood to ventricles

Oncotic Pressure

  • Blood plasma has a higher colloid osmotic pressure (25 mmHg) than interstitial fluid (0 mmHg)
  • This difference is called oncotic pressure

Smooth Muscle Contraction

  • Sympathetic nerve activity stimulates smooth muscle contraction
  • Smooth muscle contraction reduces compliance (making the diameter smaller)

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Description

This quiz covers the different components of a centrifuged blood sample, including plasma, platelets, formed elements, and white blood cells. Learn about the 'buffy coat' and the structure of blood.

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