Blood Histology Overview
46 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary consequence of carbon monoxide binding to hemoglobin?

  • It causes the formation of more red blood cells.
  • It reduces the blood’s ability to carry oxygen. (correct)
  • It leads to increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood.
  • It enhances the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood.

    • How does the affinity of carbon monoxide for hemoglobin compare to that of oxygen?

  • Carbon monoxide binds with much higher affinity than oxygen. (correct)
  • Carbon monoxide binds with lower affinity than oxygen.
  • Carbon monoxide binds with equal affinity as oxygen.
  • Carbon monoxide does not bind to hemoglobin.

    • What term is used to describe the form of hemoglobin when carbon monoxide binds to it?

  • Methemoglobin
  • Carboxyhemoglobin (correct)
  • Oxyhemoglobin
  • Deoxyhemoglobin

    • What condition can result from the reduced ability of blood to carry oxygen due to carbon monoxide exposure?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the form of carboxyhemoglobin when carbon monoxide is present?

    <p>Dangerous and abnormal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms when carbon dioxide binds to the globin portion of hemoglobin?

    <p>Carbaminohaemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following components make up the bulk of blood?

    <p>Plasma and red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of carbaminohaemoglobin?

    <p>Transporting carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs to hemoglobin when it binds with carbon monoxide?

    <p>It creates carboxyhemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is involved when carbon dioxide is carried back to the lungs?

    <p>Expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does poikilocytosis refer to?

    <p>Variation in the shape of erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which form of hemoglobin is primarily responsible for oxygen transport in arterial blood?

    <p>Oxyhemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does poikilocytosis impact erythrocyte function?

    <p>Reduces ability to navigate blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does oxyhemoglobin primarily carry?

    <p>Oxygen from the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of abnormal erythrocyte shapes?

    <p>Impaired blood flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents hemoglobin bound to carbon dioxide?

    <p>Carbaminohemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do abnormalities like poikilocytosis have on oxygen transport?

    <p>They decrease oxygen transport efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal function of oxyhemoglobin?

    <p>To carry oxygen from lungs to the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by an increase in WBC count?

    <p>Leucocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of leukocyte is primarily involved in the phagocytosis of bacteria?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is defined by a decrease in WBC count?

    <p>Leukopenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of agranulocyte?

    <p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leukocyte is primarily responsible for coordinating the immune response?

    <p>T Cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of eosinophils?

    <p>Involvement in allergic reactions and parasitic infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Basophils release which substance during allergic reactions?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are platelets derived from?

    <p>Megakaryocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type primarily participates in forming platelet plugs during clotting?

    <p>Platelets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition would you expect to find neutropenia?

    <p>Increased risk of infections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Natural killer (NK) cells are types of which leukocyte?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main role do monocytes serve in the immune system?

    <p>Phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leukocyte is most involved in the defense against parasitic infections?

    <p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which leukocyte is primarily involved in releasing cytokines?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of hematopoietic stem cells located in the bone marrow?

    <p>Production of all blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following proteins is NOT commonly found in blood plasma?

    <p>Hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shape do erythrocytes (red blood cells) primarily exhibit to optimize their function?

    <p>Biconcave disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the phenomenon where red blood cells vary significantly in size?

    <p>Anisocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lifespan of erythrocytes in the human body?

    <p>120 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which staining method is used to visualize blood cells in a laboratory setting?

    <p>Diff-Quik</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of leukocytes are produced from the lymphoid lineage?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by larger-than-normal erythrocytes?

    <p>Macrocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary liquid component of blood that makes up about 55% of its volume?

    <p>Plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic feature of erythrocytes?

    <p>Anucleate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of albumin in blood?

    <p>Fluid balance and osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following abnormalities is associated with megaloblastic anemia?

    <p>Macrocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component of the blood is primarily responsible for clotting?

    <p>Fibrinogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of producing blood cells?

    <p>Hematopoiesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Blood Histology

    • Blood Components: Blood consists of plasma (55%) and formed elements (45%)
    • Plasma: Contains water, proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen), hormones, electrolytes, and waste products
    • Formed Elements: Red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets
    • Erythrocytes (RBCs): Anucleated, biconcave discs, carry oxygen, lifespan of 120 days, recycled by macrophages
    • RBC Shape and Size: Biconcave shape maximizes surface area for gas exchange; anisocytosis (variations in size) and poikilocytosis (variations in shape) can indicate certain diseases.
    • Hemoglobin: Protein within RBCs that carries oxygen (oxyhemoglobin), carbon dioxide (carbaminohemoglobin), and carbon monoxide(carboxyhemoglobin). Binding affinity for oxygen determines the amount of oxygen transported.
    • Leukocytes (WBCs): Nucleated cells, part of the immune system
    • Agranulocytes: Lack granules in their cytoplasm - Monocytes: Differentiate into macrophages, perform phagocytosis. - Lymphocytes: Include T cells (immune response coordination), B cells (antibody production), and NK cells (natural killer cells).
    • Granulocytes: Contain granules in their cytoplasm - Neutrophils: Bacterial defense (phagocytosis) - Eosinophils: Allergic reactions and parasitic infections - Basophils: Release histamine during allergic reactions
    • Platelets: Small cell fragments, crucial for blood clotting
    • Staining Methods: Diff-Quik (fast differential stain) using Romanowsky-type dyes. Red dyes stain acidic components, while blue dyes stain basic components. Methanol used as fixative.
    • Haematopoiesis: The production of all blood cells in bone marrow. Hematopoietic stem cells differentiate into various lineages (erythroid, myeloid, lymphoid)
    • Blood Cell Counts: Variations such as leukocytosis (>WBC) often indicate infection, and leukopenia (<WBC) may indicate immunodeficiency

    Types of Blood Cell Anomalies

    • Anisocytosis: Variation in the size of red blood cells
    • Poikilocytosis: Variation in the shape of red blood cells

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Blood Histology Mind Map PDF

    Description

    Explore the intricate composition of blood, including plasma and formed elements like red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Learn about the functions, structures, and characteristics of these components, as well as their roles in oxygen transport and the immune response.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser