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Questions and Answers
What percentage of an adult's body weight is made up of blood?
What percentage of an adult's body weight is made up of blood?
What is the main component of plasma in blood?
What is the main component of plasma in blood?
Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?
Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
What is the primary function of white blood cells?
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What is the ABO Blood Group System based on?
What is the ABO Blood Group System based on?
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What is hemophilia?
What is hemophilia?
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What is the main function of platelets?
What is the main function of platelets?
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What is anemia?
What is anemia?
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What is the percentage of proteins in plasma?
What is the percentage of proteins in plasma?
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Study Notes
Composition of Blood
- Blood is a liquid tissue that makes up approximately 7% of an adult's body weight
- Composition:
- Plasma (55%): liquid portion of blood
- 92% water
- 7% proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen)
- 1% nutrients, hormones, gases, waste products
- Formed Elements (45%): suspended cells and platelets
- Red Blood Cells (RBCs or erythrocytes)
- White Blood Cells (WBCs or leukocytes)
- Platelets (thrombocytes)
- Plasma (55%): liquid portion of blood
Functions of Blood
- Transportation:
- Oxygen from lungs to body tissues
- Carbon dioxide from body tissues to lungs
- Nutrients from digestive system to body tissues
- Hormones from endocrine glands to target cells
- Regulation:
- pH balance
- Body temperature
- Blood pressure
- Protection:
- Defense against pathogens (WBCs)
- Blood clotting (platelets and plasma proteins)
- Waste removal:
- Removal of waste products from body tissues
Blood Types
- ABO Blood Group System:
- A (presence of A antigen on RBCs)
- B (presence of B antigen on RBCs)
- AB (presence of both A and B antigens on RBCs)
- O (absence of A and B antigens on RBCs)
- Rh Blood Type System:
- Rh positive (presence of Rh antigen on RBCs)
- Rh negative (absence of Rh antigen on RBCs)
Blood Disorders
- Anemia: decreased RBC count or hemoglobin level
- Leukemia: cancer of WBCs
- Hemophilia: bleeding disorder due to clotting factor deficiency
- Thalassemia: genetic disorder affecting hemoglobin production
Blood Composition
- Blood makes up approximately 7% of an adult's body weight
- Plasma consists of:
- 92% water
- 7% proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen)
- 1% nutrients, hormones, gases, waste products
- Formed elements consist of:
- Red Blood Cells (RBCs or erythrocytes)
- White Blood Cells (WBCs or leukocytes)
- Platelets (thrombocytes)
Blood Functions
Transportation
- Oxygen from lungs to body tissues
- Carbon dioxide from body tissues to lungs
- Nutrients from digestive system to body tissues
- Hormones from endocrine glands to target cells
Regulation
- pH balance
- Body temperature
- Blood pressure
Protection
- Defense against pathogens (WBCs)
- Blood clotting (platelets and plasma proteins)
Waste Removal
- Removal of waste products from body tissues
Blood Types
- ABO Blood Group System:
- A: presence of A antigen on RBCs
- B: presence of B antigen on RBCs
- AB: presence of both A and B antigens on RBCs
- O: absence of A and B antigens on RBCs
- Rh Blood Type System:
- Rh positive: presence of Rh antigen on RBCs
- Rh negative: absence of Rh antigen on RBCs
Blood Disorders
- Anemia: decreased RBC count or hemoglobin level
- Leukemia: cancer of WBCs
- Hemophilia: bleeding disorder due to clotting factor deficiency
- Thalassemia: genetic disorder affecting hemoglobin production
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Description
Learn about the composition of blood, including plasma and formed elements, as well as its various functions such as transportation and regulation.
