Blood Composition and Functions Quiz

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What is the main function of a pluripotent stem cell in the process of Hemopoiesis?

To only produce platelets

To destroy mature blood cells

To regulate blood flow

To give rise to all different mature blood cells (correct)

What is the significance of Nitric Oxide in the context of blood cells?

Facilitates Vasodilation (correct)

Causes vasoconstriction

Accelerates production of platelets

Regulates blood sugar levels

Why do Red Blood Cells lack a nucleus and organelles?

To maintain their biconcave shape for efficient oxygen transport (correct)

To prevent viral infections

To allow for easier breakdown by the liver and spleen

To allow them to divide rapidly

What is the role of Carbonic Anhydrase in blood cells?

To facilitate the transport of carbon dioxide in the blood Signup and view all the answers

How long do Red Blood Cells typically live for?

120 days Signup and view all the answers

What is Erythropoiesis and where does it primarily take place?

Production of RBCs, begins in Red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of easily collected stem cells over bone marrow in terms of transplantation?

Lower risk of graft-versus-host disease Signup and view all the answers

In hemostasis, what is the main function of vascular spasm?

Stopping bleeding by constricting blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

How many total clotting factors are involved in the coagulation cascade?

13 factors Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway of coagulation involves thromboplastin (tissue factor) and occurs more rapidly?

Extrinsic pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Vitamin K in the clotting process?

Supporting normal clot formation Signup and view all the answers

How are unwanted clots dissolved after the damage is repaired?

Dissolved by plasmin (fibrinolysin) Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the release of Erythropoietin from the kidneys?

Hypoxia (low oxygen concentration) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of White Blood Cells?

Protecting the body from pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which cell type is responsible for producing platelets?

Megakaryocytes Signup and view all the answers

What does an elevated White Blood Cell count generally indicate?

Infection or inflammation Signup and view all the answers

From which organ is Erythropoietin primarily released?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the lifespan of a platelet on average?

~5-9 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of albumins in blood plasma?

Maintain osmotic pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood is responsible for preventing excessive blood loss?

Platelets Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a lymphocyte in the body?

Fighting infections Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood helps in the transportation of iron, lipids, and fat-soluble vitamins?

Globulins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of water in blood?

Serving as a solvent Signup and view all the answers

Which gases are present in the blood?

$O_2$ and $CO_2$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Rh in blood typing?

Rh determines whether an individual has or lacks a specific antigen on the blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What causes agglutination and hemolysis in blood related to Rh factors?

Agglutinogens reacting with antibodies in the blood Signup and view all the answers

How are blood types determined using antiserum?

Mixing blood with antiserum to detect agglutination reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern regarding hemolytic disease in newborns?

Worry about Rh-ve mother developing immunity against her baby's Rh+ve blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of antigens in triggering an immune response?

Antigens react with antibodies to trigger an immune response Signup and view all the answers

Why do people not have antibodies against their own blood type?

Agglutinins do not react against self-blood type antigens Signup and view all the answers