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Questions and Answers
Which of the following formed elements in blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
Which of the following formed elements in blood is primarily responsible for oxygen transport?
- Fibrinogen
- Platelets
- Erythrocytes (correct)
- Leukocytes
A patient has a persistent bacterial infection. Which type of leukocyte would you expect to see elevated in a differential white blood cell count?
A patient has a persistent bacterial infection. Which type of leukocyte would you expect to see elevated in a differential white blood cell count?
- Basophils
- Eosinophils
- Monocytes
- Neutrophils (correct)
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
What is the primary function of platelets in the blood?
- Oxygen transport
- Blood clotting (correct)
- Dampening allergic reactions
- Fighting parasitic infections
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes erythrocytes from other blood cells?
Which of the following characteristics distinguishes erythrocytes from other blood cells?
Which of the following is the function of Kupffer cells found in the liver?
Which of the following is the function of Kupffer cells found in the liver?
A patient is experiencing difficulty regulating body temperature. Which component of blood is most likely impaired?
A patient is experiencing difficulty regulating body temperature. Which component of blood is most likely impaired?
If a patient has a condition that reduces the production of albumin, what physiological effect would be anticipated?
If a patient has a condition that reduces the production of albumin, what physiological effect would be anticipated?
Following a kidney injury, a patient experiences a buildup of metabolic waste products in their blood. Which function of the blood has been compromised?
Following a kidney injury, a patient experiences a buildup of metabolic waste products in their blood. Which function of the blood has been compromised?
A patient with a severe liver disease is not producing sufficient plasma proteins. Which of the following functions of the blood is most likely to be impaired as a direct result?
A patient with a severe liver disease is not producing sufficient plasma proteins. Which of the following functions of the blood is most likely to be impaired as a direct result?
Which of the following formed elements are directly involved in the destruction of pathogens?
Which of the following formed elements are directly involved in the destruction of pathogens?
How do antibodies contribute to the protection function of the blood?
How do antibodies contribute to the protection function of the blood?
Following a significant injury, a patient's blood is unable to clot effectively. Which component of the blood is most likely deficient?
Following a significant injury, a patient's blood is unable to clot effectively. Which component of the blood is most likely deficient?
If a patient is experiencing edema (swelling) due to fluid accumulation in the tissues, which component of the blood might be deficient?
If a patient is experiencing edema (swelling) due to fluid accumulation in the tissues, which component of the blood might be deficient?
Flashcards
Erythrocyte
Erythrocyte
Anucleate, biconcave disc cells responsible for oxygen transport.
Platelets
Platelets
Non-cellular fragments essential for blood clotting.
Leukocytes
Leukocytes
Large, amoeboid cells involved in immune protection.
Neutrophils
Neutrophils
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Eosinophils
Eosinophils
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Hematocrit
Hematocrit
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Function of Blood
Function of Blood
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Transport Functions of Blood
Transport Functions of Blood
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Protection Functions of Blood
Protection Functions of Blood
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Regulation Functions of Blood
Regulation Functions of Blood
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Components of Blood Plasma
Components of Blood Plasma
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Albumins
Albumins
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Globulins
Globulins
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Study Notes
Blood - The Liquid Tissue
- Blood is a liquid connective tissue that circulates through specialized vessels in the body.
- Hematology is the study of blood.
Blood Functions
- Transport:
- Carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's cells.
- Transports carbon dioxide from cells to the lungs.
- Moves nutrients from the digestive system to cells.
- Transports waste from cells to excretory organs (like the kidneys).
- Carries stem cells from bone marrow to other parts of the body.
- Protection:
- Contains white blood cells that destroy pathogens (disease-causing organisms).
- Involved in inflammation.
- Contains antibodies to neutralize pathogens and toxins.
- Platelets initiate blood clotting.
- Regulation:
- Regulates body fluids in the body.
- Stabilizes the pH of extracellular fluids.
- Regulates body temperature.
Blood Composition
- Plasma (55%):
- Mostly water (92%).
- Contains proteins (7%) like:
- Albumins: Maintain osmotic pressure and blood viscosity.
- Globulins: Diverse functions, including antibodies and transport proteins.
- Fibrinogen: Essential for blood clotting.
- Formed Elements (45%):
- Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells):
- Biconcave discs, anucleate (no nucleus).
- Contain hemoglobin for oxygen transport.
- Lifespan of ~120 days.
- Platelets:
- Non-cellular fragments.
- Essential for blood clotting.
- Leukocytes (White Blood Cells):
- Granular (with granules): neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils.
- Agranular (without granules): lymphocytes, monocytes.
- Different types with different roles in immunity.
- Vary in lifespan, but involved in protection against pathogens and in inflammation.
- Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells):
Blood Disorders
- Sickle cell anemia: A genetic disorder causing abnormally shaped red blood cells, leading to oxygen-carrying difficulties and various other symptoms.
- Leukemia: Cancer of the white blood cells, characterized by uncontrolled cell division.
Hematocrit
- A measure of the red blood cell content in blood.
- Normal hematocrit ranges differ for males and females.
- A low red blood cell count is called anemia.
Blood Typing
- Identifying blood types (ABO and Rh) is important for blood transfusions to avoid dangerous reactions.
- ABO blood groups are based on specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells.
- Rh factor is another protein found on red blood cells (positive or negative).
- Blood typing is used in paternity testing and forensics.
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Description
An overview of blood, a liquid connective tissue. This text presents its composition, including plasma, and details its functions in transport, protection, and regulation within the body.
