Y1S1 002 III Physiology Blood and Blood Transfusions

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What is the primary function of albumin in plasma?

To maintain blood pH
To contribute to osmotic pressure (correct)
To form fibrin threads
To transport lipids

Which of the following is NOT a type of globulin?

Beta globulin
Delta globulin (correct)
Gamma globulin
Alpha globulin

What is the primary function of gamma globulins?

To maintain osmotic pressure
To release antibodies during immune response (correct)
To form fibrin threads
To transport lipids

Which of the following is a type of agranulocyte?

Lymphocyte (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fibrinogen?

To form fibrin threads of blood clot (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of plasma proteins?

Producing ATP (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of blood proteins and other blood-borne solutes in maintaining normal pH in body tissues?

Acting as buffers to prevent excessive or abrupt changes in blood pH (A) Signup and view all the answers

Approximately what percentage of an individual's total body weight is comprised of blood?

8-10% (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the formed elements in blood, specifically platelets?

Arresting bleeding through hemostasis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with developing the modern classification of blood by group or type?

Karl Landsteiner (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of blood, which is considered alkaline?

pH 7.35-7.45 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of blood in transporting hormones?

Transporting hormones from endocrine organs to their target organs (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary site of erythropoietin production?

Kidneys (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of erythropoietin in the body?

To maintain sufficient RBCs for tissue oxygenation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the cytoplasm in a Basophilic normoblast?

It has a high RNA content and is deep blue (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk of using erythropoietin to treat anemia?

An increase in blood viscosity leading to heart disease (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of normoblast has a decreasing RNA content and an increasing Hb content?

Polychromatophilic (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which erythrocytes enter the circulation?

Diapedesis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of hematopoietic growth factors that allows them to be available in purified form?

Recombinant DNA technology (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the nucleus in an Orthrochromatic normoblast?

It has shrunk into a solid black ball (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a reticulocyte count greater than 2.5%?

It indicates an increase in erythropoietic activity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between BFU-E and CFU-E?

BFU-E forms colonies with more nucleated erythroid precursors (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a Pronormoblast?

It has early clumping of nuclear chromatin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the sequence of normoblast stages in order of increasing differentiation?

Basophilic, Polychromatophilic, Orthrochromatic (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which growth factor stimulates the proliferation of a common myeloid progenitor and promotes the production of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes-macrophages?

GM-CSF (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of Thrombopoietin (TPO) binding to its receptor c-Mpl?

Increased number and size of megakaryocytes, leading to platelet production (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following glycoproteins has a broad effect on multiple lineages?

IL-3 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of IL-5 in hematopoiesis?

Sustenance of terminal differentiation of eosinophilic precursors (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which organs constitutively produce IL-3?

Liver and kidney (C) Signup and view all the answers