Blood Clotting Process Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary pigment in red blood cells?

  • Bilirubin
  • Hemoglobin (correct)
  • Albumin
  • Fibrinogen

What is the normal pH range of blood in the human body?

  • 8.5 - 9.0
  • 6.0 - 7.0
  • 7.6 - 8.0
  • 7.35 - 7.46 (correct)

What are the components of hemoglobin?

  • 4 Globin's and 1 Hem
  • 4 Hem's and 4 Globin's (correct)
  • 2 Hem's and 2 Globin's
  • 4 Hem's and 1 Globin

Which of the following components is NOT part of the Buffy Coat of centrifuged blood?

<p>Erythrocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which color is associated with oxygenated hemoglobin?

<p>Bright Red (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of whole blood do Erythrocytes (RBC) make up?

<p>42% - 48% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What hormone is produced by the kidneys in response to hypoxia?

<p>Erythropoietin (EPO) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is responsible for building blood cells from Hemocytoblasts?

<p>Red Bone Marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary stimulus for enhanced erythropoiesis?

<p>Hypoxia (Low O2) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the Hematocrit (HCT) values in the blood start to rise?

<p>Makes the heart work harder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood type is considered the universal recipient?

<p>AB+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antigens are present in blood type B-?

<p>B, Rh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about leukocytes is NOT true?

<p>Normal leukocyte count is above 10,000 per mm3. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What antibodies does blood type A+ have?

<p>Anti-B, Anti-Rh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of neutrophils?

<p>Phagocytize bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of white blood cell contains granules in its cytoplasm and is known as an 'acid lover'?

<p>Eosinophils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which white blood cell type is essential for lessening allergic reactions and fighting off parasitic worms?

<p>Basophils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell is characterized by having a kidney or U-shaped nucleus and plays a role in cleanup post-infection?

<p>Monocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mnemonic device used to remember the order of Leukocytes from most to least common?

<p>Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formation of platelets called?

<p>Thrombopoiesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the spleen in relation to erythrocyte death?

<p>Digesting erythrocytes using macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process occurs after an erythrocyte becomes trapped in the spleen?

<p>Hemoglobin is broken down into amino acids, iron, and bilirubin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enzyme converts Plasminogen to Plasmin to digest fibrin during thrombolysis?

<p>Tissue Plasminogen Activator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anemia is most common in females due to low levels of iron?

<p>Iron Deficiency Anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of Prothrombin?

<p>Vitamin K (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of bilirubin in the context of erythrocyte death?

<p>Processed by the liver and excreted in feces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Heparin in preventing clots?

<p>Opposes thrombin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do individuals with iron deficiency anemia sometimes exhibit symptoms like lack of energy and paler skin?

<p>Resulting from low levels of oxygen transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a person is missing a clotting factor leading to Hemophilia?

<p>Unable to proceed to the next clotting step (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a clot that has broken loose and is moving through the bloodstream?

<p>Embolus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vasoconstriction and increased tissue pressure in response to an injury?

<p>Minimize blood loss by reducing blood pressure and flow locally (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of von Willebrand factor (vWF) in hemostasis?

<p>Helps platelets adhere to exposed collagen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a platelet plug prevent further blood loss?

<p>By temporarily sealing the wound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial for initiating the formation of the platelet plug?

<p>von Willebrand factor (vWF) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reinforces the platelet plug during hemostasis?

<p>Fibrinogen conversion to fibrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is accurate about platelet plug formation?

<p>Activated platelets release chemical signals to attract more platelets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is vasoconstriction important in response to an injury?

<p>To minimize blood loss by reducing blood flow locally (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What substance is responsible for temporarily sealing the wound during hemostasis?

<p>Fibrin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component serves as an initial barrier during hemostasis?

<p>Platelet plug (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of activated platelets in hemostasis?

<p>Releasing chemical signals to attract more platelets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage range of Erythrocytes (RBC) in whole blood?

<p>42% - 48% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the blood is primarily responsible for building blood cells from Hemocytoblasts?

<p>Buffy Coat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of Plasma besides water?

<p>Ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formed element of blood consists of fragments of cells?

<p>Platelets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Hematocrit (HCT) in blood circulation?

<p>To determine the percentage of RBC in whole blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which blood type contains both A and B antigens?

<p>Type AB (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has anti-B antibodies, which blood type can they donate to?

<p>Type B+ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What blood type is considered the universal donor?

<p>O+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people have blood type O-?

<p>7% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal count range of leukocytes per mm3 in the body?

<p>5,000 - 10,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) in response to hypoxia?

<p>Enhance red blood cell production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the structure of hemoglobin?

<p>Composed of 4 Hem’s and 4 Globin’s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does erythrocyte production respond to hypoxia?

<p>Enhanced erythropoiesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does hypoxia have on the kidneys?

<p>Stimulates EPO release (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component in the blood is responsible for carrying oxygenated hemoglobin?

<p>Erythrocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Thrombopoiesis?

<p>Formation of platelets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which leukocyte type takes up almost all the space in the cell?

<p>Monocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of platelet count per mm3 in the blood?

<p>150,000 - 300,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of hemostasis involves clot retraction?

<p>Clot Retraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mnemonic device to remember the order of Leukocytes from most to least common?

<p>Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Heparin in blood clot prevention?

<p>Opposes vitamin K (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is essential for the breakdown of a clot?

<p>Plasminogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Tpa) in the blood?

<p>Breaks down fibrin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Coumadin in the context of blood clotting?

<p>Opposes vitamin K (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is Hemophilia characterized by difficulty in progressing to the next step of clot formation?

<p>Missing a clotting factor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to an erythrocyte trapped in the spleen sinusoids?

<p>It is digested by spleen macrophages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by symptoms like lack of energy, paleness, and unusual cravings for non-nutritive substances?

<p>Pica eaters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of iron in the context of erythrocyte death?

<p>It is used to make new hemoglobin in red bone marrow. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of anemia in females, often due to a low level of iron?

<p>Iron Deficiency Anemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the blood serves as a 'graveyard' for red blood cells and contains macrophages for recycling?

<p>Spleen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of vasoconstriction in response to an injury?

<p>To reduce blood pressure locally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is crucial for initiating the formation of the platelet plug?

<p>von Willebrand factor (vWF) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What reinforces the platelet plug during hemostasis?

<p>Fibrinogen conversion to fibrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the platelet plug in preventing further blood loss?

<p>To temporarily seal the wound (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does von Willebrand factor (vWF) help platelets adhere to exposed collagen?

<p>To facilitate platelet activation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process contributes to minimizing blood loss by decreasing blood vessel diameter?

<p>Vasoconstriction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In hemostasis, what role does fibrinogen conversion to fibrin play in relation to the platelet plug?

<p>It temporarily seals the wound (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of activated platelets in the process of hemostasis?

<p>To release chemical signals that attract more platelets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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