27 Questions
What is the average life span of a red blood cell?
4 months
If a strict vegan develops anemia due to a nutritional deficiency, what is the most likely candidate?
Iron-deficiency anemia
In adults, where is the primary site of white blood cell formation?
Red bone marrow
Each heme ring in hemoglobin encloses an atom of what element?
Iron
What is the likely cause of aplastic anemia?
Bone marrow damage
Which pathway of coagulation is initiated by the activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen?
Extrinsic pathway
In the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, what activates Factor XII?
Activation by platelet factors
What marks the beginning of the common pathway of coagulation?
Activation of a proenzyme exposed to collagen
Which process specifically dissolves clots?
Forms emboli
What causes the release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium in coagulation?
Activation of Factor VII exposed to collagen
What is the likely consequence of an obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys?
Increased erythropoiesis
If Mary's hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL, what can be concluded about her health status?
Her hemoglobin level is normal
Why might the surgical removal of the stomach cause pernicious anemia?
Thrombocytopenia could develop
Which condition could lead to a rise in erythropoietin levels in the blood?
Increased sensitivity to vitamin K
Why might there be insufficient heme in the hemoglobin?
A gene for adult hemoglobin is abnormal
Why are people with type AB blood considered the universal recipient for transfusions?
Their blood lacks A or B agglutinins.
What is a characteristic of type AB blood?
RBCs have both the A & B surface antigens and no ABO plasma antibodies.
In whose blood are Anti-D antibodies present?
Rh negative individuals who have been exposed to the D surface antigen.
What happens when an Rh negative individual is exposed to the D surface antigen?
They develop Anti-D antibodies in their blood.
Which blood type can be considered the universal donor?
Type O negative
What is a risk of mismatched blood transfusions?
Hemolysis, or the breakdown of red blood cells
What is the main function of erythropoietin in the context of anemia?
Encouraging the production of red blood cells
Why can damaged kidneys lead to anemia in patients?
They produce less erythropoietin, reducing red blood cell production
Which component is responsible for preventing erythroblastosis fetalis in Rh-negative mothers?
Rhogam
What is the mechanism by which Rhogam prevents hemolytic disease of the newborn?
Agglutinating fetal red cells in the newborn
In patients with advanced kidney disease, what happens to erythropoietin?
It is lost through urine due to kidney damage
Why is synthetic erythropoietin injected into kidney patients?
To compensate for decreased endogenous erythropoietin production
Test your knowledge on blood types and transfusions by answering multiple-choice questions related to blood compatibility. Explore why people with type AB blood are considered universal recipients for transfusions, and understand the underlying principles of blood agglutinins.
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