Blood cells formation and structure
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Questions and Answers

Which type of WBCs are involved in inflammatory reactions associated with allergies and asthma?

  • Monocytes
  • Basophils
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils (correct)

What is the function of histamine and heparin released by basophils?

  • To promote phagocytosis and destroy foreign substances
  • To regulate the immune system and control tumors
  • To prevent inflammation and promote clot formation
  • To promote inflammation and prevent clot formation (correct)

What is the process by which WBCs remove dead cells and debris from the tissues?

  • Exocytosis
  • Endocytosis
  • Pinocytosis
  • Phagocytosis (correct)

What is the role of macrophages in the immune system?

<p>To phagocytize bacteria, dead cells, and debris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the crenellation technique in WBC differential count?

<p>Not mentioned in the text (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lymphocytes in the immune system?

<p>To play an important role in the body's immune response (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when smooth muscle within the wall of a blood vessel contracts?

<p>Vascular spasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of vascular spasm in response to blood vessel damage?

<p>To close small vessels completely and stop the flow of blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following chemicals does NOT contribute to vascular spasm?

<p>Adrenaline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of lacking the normal number of platelets in the blood?

<p>Development of numerous small hemorrhages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the accumulation of platelets that seal up a small break in a blood vessel?

<p>Platelet plug formation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of a large amount of blood loss?

<p>Death (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythrocytes in the human body?

<p>To transport oxygen and carbon dioxide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of hemoglobin that binds to oxygen?

<p>Heme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of carbon dioxide transported in the form of bicarbonate ions?

<p>70% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes?

<p>To catalyze the reaction of CO2 and water to form bicarbonate and hydrogen ions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stimulus for increased red blood cell production?

<p>Low blood oxygen levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of old, abnormal, or damaged erythrocytes?

<p>They are removed from the blood by macrophages of the spleen and liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidneys in erythropoiesis?

<p>They produce erythropoietin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the breakdown of hemoglobin into amino acids?

<p>Catabolism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of leukocytes that allows them to leave the blood and travel through tissues?

<p>Ameboid movement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the layer of cells that forms between the plasma and erythrocytes when blood components are separated?

<p>Buffy coat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial trigger that activates the intrinsic pathway of blood clotting?

<p>Damage to a blood vessel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of prothrombinase?

<p>Thrombin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of thrombin in the clotting process?

<p>To convert fibrinogen to fibrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the activation of inactive plasminogen by thrombin and tissue plasminogen activator?

<p>Breakdown of fibrin clots (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of eosinophils in the immune system?

<p>To attack certain worm parasites (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between monocytes and macrophages?

<p>Monocytes are found in the blood, while macrophages are found in tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of von Willebrand factor in platelet adhesion?

<p>To form a bridge between collagen and platelets by binding to platelet surface receptors and collagen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the platelet release reaction in blood clotting?

<p>To activate platelets and release chemicals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fibrinogen in platelet aggregation?

<p>To form a bridge between platelets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of a transfusion reaction?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Rh blood group system?

<p>It determines the risk of hemolytic disease of the newborn (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a crossmatch in a blood transfusion?

<p>To ensure compatibility between the donor and recipient blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of hemoglobin in males?

<p>140-180 g/L (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of macrophages in hemoglobin breakdown?

<p>To break down hemoglobin into its components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an inadequate amount of vitamin K in the blood clotting process?

<p>Impaired clotting factor synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a complete blood count (CBC)?

<p>To evaluate the different components of blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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