Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of performing a differential count?
What is the purpose of performing a differential count?
- To determine the total WBC count
- To calculate the percentage of NRBCs
- To classify the cells into different types based on their characteristics (correct)
- To ignore broken or smudge cells
How are quantities of cells expressed when performing a differential count?
How are quantities of cells expressed when performing a differential count?
- In white blood cell smear values
- In percentages of total red blood cell count
- In absolute values (correct)
- In NRBC values
Which WBC type is characterized by relatively bluish and denser staining cytoplasm compared to neutrophils?
Which WBC type is characterized by relatively bluish and denser staining cytoplasm compared to neutrophils?
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils (correct)
- Basophils
- Lymphocytes
What is the significance of calculating absolute values in interpreting differential count results?
What is the significance of calculating absolute values in interpreting differential count results?
Which WBC is often described as having chromatin that is streaky, diffuse, or mesh-like?
Which WBC is often described as having chromatin that is streaky, diffuse, or mesh-like?
What should be done with broken or smudge cells when performing a differential count?
What should be done with broken or smudge cells when performing a differential count?
Which type of leukocyte is the most abundant in the first case?
Which type of leukocyte is the most abundant in the first case?
What is the function of basophils in the body?
What is the function of basophils in the body?
In the second case, what is the absolute count of lymphocytes?
In the second case, what is the absolute count of lymphocytes?
What is the mature form of a band neutrophil?
What is the mature form of a band neutrophil?
What is the classification of eosinophils based on their staining properties?
What is the classification of eosinophils based on their staining properties?
During a differential count, what is being identified?
During a differential count, what is being identified?
Which type of leukocyte is primarily responsible for phagocytosis?
Which type of leukocyte is primarily responsible for phagocytosis?
At what stage of maturation are eosinophils recognizable?
At what stage of maturation are eosinophils recognizable?
What is the function of basophils in the body?
What is the function of basophils in the body?
Which leukocyte type has granules that stain red with eosin and functions in allergic reactions?
Which leukocyte type has granules that stain red with eosin and functions in allergic reactions?
How do neutrophils in patients with bacterial infections typically differ from mature neutrophils?
How do neutrophils in patients with bacterial infections typically differ from mature neutrophils?
Which leukocyte type has a nucleus that can be partially obscured by its granules?
Which leukocyte type has a nucleus that can be partially obscured by its granules?
When do granules begin to form in the cytoplasm of developing leukocytes?
When do granules begin to form in the cytoplasm of developing leukocytes?
Which leukocyte type has a nucleus that changes from round to segmented as it matures?
Which leukocyte type has a nucleus that changes from round to segmented as it matures?
What is the primary function of neutrophils in the body?
What is the primary function of neutrophils in the body?
Which feature is characteristic of band neutrophils found in the blood?
Which feature is characteristic of band neutrophils found in the blood?
What distinguishes hypersegmented neutrophils from normal segmented neutrophils?
What distinguishes hypersegmented neutrophils from normal segmented neutrophils?
Which leukocyte type is characterized by an irregular and elongated nucleus with true filaments between lobes?
Which leukocyte type is characterized by an irregular and elongated nucleus with true filaments between lobes?
During a differential count, what is primarily identified?
During a differential count, what is primarily identified?
What is the main distinguishing feature between immature and mature granulocytes?
What is the main distinguishing feature between immature and mature granulocytes?
Which leukocyte type has granules that stain red with eosin and functions in allergic reactions?
Which leukocyte type has granules that stain red with eosin and functions in allergic reactions?
What is the chromatin appendage called that is visible in some neutrophils of female individuals?
What is the chromatin appendage called that is visible in some neutrophils of female individuals?
What is the predominant stain that eosinophils have a strong affinity for?
What is the predominant stain that eosinophils have a strong affinity for?
Which animal species has eosinophils with granules that vary in size from small to large and can show vacuoles?
Which animal species has eosinophils with granules that vary in size from small to large and can show vacuoles?
What is the function of eosinophils within the immune system?
What is the function of eosinophils within the immune system?
Which leukocyte type has nuclei that resemble those of monocytes, with granules that stain purple to blue-black?
Which leukocyte type has nuclei that resemble those of monocytes, with granules that stain purple to blue-black?
What does an increased number of basophils in circulation often indicate?
What does an increased number of basophils in circulation often indicate?
Which type of leukocyte is specific to the immune system and can differentiate into plasma cells?
Which type of leukocyte is specific to the immune system and can differentiate into plasma cells?
What characterizes the cytoplasm of medium to large lymphocytes?
What characterizes the cytoplasm of medium to large lymphocytes?
What is the purpose of calculating the absolute value of different cell types in a total white blood cell count?
What is the purpose of calculating the absolute value of different cell types in a total white blood cell count?
Why should the total white blood cell count be corrected if more than 5 nucleated red blood cells are observed?
Why should the total white blood cell count be corrected if more than 5 nucleated red blood cells are observed?
What would be the absolute count of monocytes in a total white blood cell count of 48,000/uL, if monocytes make up 1%?
What would be the absolute count of monocytes in a total white blood cell count of 48,000/uL, if monocytes make up 1%?
Why is it important to calculate absolute values in interpreting differential count results?
Why is it important to calculate absolute values in interpreting differential count results?
What is the significance of identifying more than 5 nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) during a differential count?
What is the significance of identifying more than 5 nucleated red blood cells (NRBC) during a differential count?
In a differential cell count, why is it important to calculate both relative percentages and absolute values?
In a differential cell count, why is it important to calculate both relative percentages and absolute values?
What is the main reason for correcting the total white blood cell count when nucleated red blood cells are observed during a differential count?
What is the main reason for correcting the total white blood cell count when nucleated red blood cells are observed during a differential count?
What is one of the challenges in interpreting differential count results based solely on relative percentages?
What is one of the challenges in interpreting differential count results based solely on relative percentages?
What characteristic features are associated with monocytes?
What characteristic features are associated with monocytes?
What function is primarily associated with tissue macrophages?
What function is primarily associated with tissue macrophages?
What is the major function of monocytes?
What is the major function of monocytes?
How are tissue macrophages commonly referred to when they enter tissues?
How are tissue macrophages commonly referred to when they enter tissues?
Which leukocyte type is involved in cleaning up debris that remains after inflammation or infection is cleared?
Which leukocyte type is involved in cleaning up debris that remains after inflammation or infection is cleared?
What type of infection do increased numbers of monocytes typically indicate?
What type of infection do increased numbers of monocytes typically indicate?
Which leukocyte type is known to have the largest size among white blood cells?
Which leukocyte type is known to have the largest size among white blood cells?
What is the cytoplasm color associated with large lymphocytes?
What is the cytoplasm color associated with large lymphocytes?
What is the purpose of counting a minimum of 100 WBCs in a relative blood count?
What is the purpose of counting a minimum of 100 WBCs in a relative blood count?
What part of a complete differential count is focused on using an oil objective lens?
What part of a complete differential count is focused on using an oil objective lens?
What characteristic differentiates eosinophils from neutrophils when performing a differential count?
What characteristic differentiates eosinophils from neutrophils when performing a differential count?
Which leukocyte type is primarily responsible for phagocytosis?
Which leukocyte type is primarily responsible for phagocytosis?
How are quantities of cells expressed in a differential count?
How are quantities of cells expressed in a differential count?
What characteristic describes broken or smudge cells during a differential count?
What characteristic describes broken or smudge cells during a differential count?
In differential counts, how is the relative blood count different from the automated analyzer?
In differential counts, how is the relative blood count different from the automated analyzer?
What is the primary function of large lymphocytes?
What is the primary function of large lymphocytes?
In a differential cell count, what is a characteristic feature of medium to large lymphocytes?
In a differential cell count, what is a characteristic feature of medium to large lymphocytes?
What distinguishes tissue macrophages from monocytes in the blood?
What distinguishes tissue macrophages from monocytes in the blood?
Why do increased numbers of monocytes in circulation often indicate infection?
Why do increased numbers of monocytes in circulation often indicate infection?
Which characteristic feature is used to differentiate between immature and mature granulocytes in blood samples?
Which characteristic feature is used to differentiate between immature and mature granulocytes in blood samples?
What is the major function of tissue macrophages within the immune system?
What is the major function of tissue macrophages within the immune system?
In a differential count, what is the significance of ensuring a quality blood smear with a monolayer?
In a differential count, what is the significance of ensuring a quality blood smear with a monolayer?
Why are broken or smudge cells typically ignored when quantifying cells through a differential count?
Why are broken or smudge cells typically ignored when quantifying cells through a differential count?
How are quantities of cells expressed in a differential count?
How are quantities of cells expressed in a differential count?
What is the primary purpose of calculating absolute values for each cell type during a systematic evaluation of white blood cells?
What is the primary purpose of calculating absolute values for each cell type during a systematic evaluation of white blood cells?
What is the next step after quantifying white blood cells based on a relative blood count that involves counting, identifying, and recording 100 WBCs?
What is the next step after quantifying white blood cells based on a relative blood count that involves counting, identifying, and recording 100 WBCs?
Why are immature leukocytes often excluded from the total 100 WBC count when performing a differential?
Why are immature leukocytes often excluded from the total 100 WBC count when performing a differential?
What is the main reason for multiplying the total white blood cell count by the percentage of each cell type in a differential count?
What is the main reason for multiplying the total white blood cell count by the percentage of each cell type in a differential count?
In a differential cell count, if a sample has 6000/µL total WBC count and 80% neutrophils, what would be the absolute count of neutrophils in the sample?
In a differential cell count, if a sample has 6000/µL total WBC count and 80% neutrophils, what would be the absolute count of neutrophils in the sample?
What is the significance of identifying neutrophils with segmented nuclei in a differential cell count?
What is the significance of identifying neutrophils with segmented nuclei in a differential cell count?
Why must the WBC count be corrected if more than 5 Nucleated RBCs (NRBC) are seen during a differential count?
Why must the WBC count be corrected if more than 5 Nucleated RBCs (NRBC) are seen during a differential count?
What is the primary purpose of calculating both relative percentages and absolute values in interpreting differential count results?
What is the primary purpose of calculating both relative percentages and absolute values in interpreting differential count results?
In a differential count, why is it important to differentiate between immature and mature granulocytes?
In a differential count, why is it important to differentiate between immature and mature granulocytes?
Flashcards
Differential Count
Differential Count
Identifying and counting different types of white blood cells in a blood sample.
WBC
WBC
White Blood Cells; cells in blood that fight infection.
Neutrophils
Neutrophils
Most common WBC, fights bacteria, multi-lobed nucleus.
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes
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Monocytes
Monocytes
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Eosinophils
Eosinophils
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Basophils
Basophils
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Differential Count Procedure
Differential Count Procedure
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Absolute Values
Absolute Values
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Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis
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Nucleated Red Blood Cells
Nucleated Red Blood Cells
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Cell-mediated immunity
Cell-mediated immunity
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Plasma cells
Plasma cells
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Macrophages
Macrophages
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Parasitic infections
Parasitic infections
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Allergic reactions
Allergic reactions
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Oil objective lens
Oil objective lens
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Total WBC count
Total WBC count
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Microliter (μL)
Microliter (μL)
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Multilobed nucleus
Multilobed nucleus
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Bilobed nucleus
Bilobed nucleus
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Metamyelocyte stage
Metamyelocyte stage
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Smudge cells
Smudge cells
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Study Notes
Differential Count
- The primary purpose of performing a differential count is to identify and quantify different types of white blood cells (WBCs) in a blood sample.
White Blood Cells (WBCs)
- Quantities of cells are expressed as a percentage of the total WBC count and as absolute values (per microliter, μL).
- There are five main types of WBCs: neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils.
Neutrophils
- Characterized by multilobed nuclei and pink-staining cytoplasm.
- The most abundant type of WBC in healthy individuals.
- Involved in phagocytosis, primarily responsible for fighting bacterial infections.
Lymphocytes
- Characterized by a large nucleus and scant cytoplasm.
- Play a crucial role in cell-mediated immunity.
- Can differentiate into plasma cells.
Monocytes
- Characterized by a large, kidney-shaped nucleus and pale-blue staining cytoplasm.
- Mature into macrophages in tissues.
- Involved in phagocytosis and play a key role in fighting infections.
Eosinophils
- Characterized by bilobed nuclei and red-staining granules.
- Involved in parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
- Recognizable at the metamyelocyte stage of development.
Basophils
- Characterized by a small, darkly staining nucleus and sparse, dark-blue staining cytoplasm.
- Involved in allergic reactions and inflammation.
- Rarely seen in peripheral blood smears.
Differential Count Procedure
- Involves counting and identifying 100 WBCs under an oil objective lens.
- Broken or smudge cells are typically ignored due to difficulty in identification.
- Nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) may be present and should be corrected for if more than 5 are observed.
Calculating Absolute Values
- Essential for interpreting differential count results.
- Involves multiplying the total WBC count by the percentage of each cell type.
Function of WBCs
- Neutrophils: primarily responsible for phagocytosis and fighting bacterial infections.
- Lymphocytes: involved in cell-mediated immunity and can differentiate into plasma cells.
- Monocytes: mature into macrophages in tissues and are involved in phagocytosis and fighting infections.
- Eosinophils: involved in parasitic infections and allergic reactions.
- Basophils: involved in allergic reactions and inflammation.
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