Blood Biology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of total body mass does blood account for?

  • 5%
  • 10%
  • 15%
  • 8% (correct)

    • Blood is less viscous than water.

    False

    What is the liquid ECM of blood called?

    blood plasma

    Blood is composed of _____ and formed elements.

    <p>plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of blood?

    <p>Digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the blood component with its description:

    <p>Erythrocytes = Transport O2 and CO2 Leukocytes = Fight infection Platelets = Function in blood clotting Blood Plasma = Liquid ECM with dissolved substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of blood cell aids in fighting infections?

    <p>leukocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The three main functions of blood are transportation, regulation, and _____ .

    <p>protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of leukocyte is the fastest responder to bacterial infection?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Eosinophils defend primarily against viral infections.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process do leukocytes undergo to migrate from the blood to tissues during an infection?

    <p>emigration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Basophils release ___________ which increases the leakiness of blood vessels.

    <p>histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following leukocytes has a kidney-shaped nucleus?

    <p>Monocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platelet activation involves the release of granules containing vasoconstrictors.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of lymphocytes?

    <p>to fight viral-infected and cancerous cells, and produce antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process of blood clot formation is called _____________.

    <p>coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of leukocyte primarily participates in inflammatory and hypersensitivity reactions?

    <p>Basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All white blood cells express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During what initial response to infection does tissue damage occur?

    <p>inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Platelets are formed from ___________ that mature into megakaryocytes.

    <p>megakaryoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following leukocytes with their primary functions:

    <p>Neutrophils = Fastest responders to bacterial infections Eosinophils = Defend against parasites Basophils = Release histamine Monocytes = Differentiate into macrophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the life span of platelets?

    <p>5-9 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average adult male hematocrit level?

    <p>47%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High hematocrit levels can lead to increased white blood cell count.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of blood cell formation called?

    <p>hemopoiesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kidneys synthesize the hormone ___________, which increases the number of erythrocytes in the blood.

    <p>erythropoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Erythrocytes = Red blood cells Leukocytes = White blood cells Platelets = Cell fragments involved in clotting Hemoglobin = Oxygen transport protein in erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stem cells begin the development of blood cells?

    <p>Pluripotent stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Erythrocytes contain mitochondria.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lifespan of an erythrocyte?

    <p>approximately 120 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The enzyme ____________ converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid in erythrocytes.

    <p>carbonic anhydrase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following leukocyte types with their functions:

    <p>Neutrophils = Phagocytosis of pathogens Eosinophils = Defense against parasites Basophils = Release histamine during inflammatory responses Lymphocytes = Immune response regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates platelet formation?

    <p>Thrombopoietin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The body can repair damaged erythrocyte organelles.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do immature erythrocytes take up via receptor-mediated endocytosis?

    <p>Fe3+ (ferric iron)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypoxia is a condition where there is a reduction in __________ transport to tissues.

    <p>oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of carbon dioxide can RBCs carry in the body?

    <p>23%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the activation of factor XII in the intrinsic pathway?

    <p>Contact with collagen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The extrinsic pathway of blood clotting is triggered by internal factors alone.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antibodies agglutinate erythrocytes when they come in contact with A or B antigens?

    <p>agglutinins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Activated factor X joins factor V to form active __________.

    <p>prothrombinase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the blood conditions with their definitions:

    <p>Anemia = Condition of having insufficient healthy red blood cells Sickle Cell Disease = Genetic mutation causing abnormal red blood cell shape Hemophilia = Insufficient clotting factors leading to excessive bleeding Polycythemia = Excess of red blood cells in the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a common cause of anemia?

    <p>Sickle cell mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Julia, who is blood type O, has A and B antigens on her erythrocytes.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor for a second child of an Rh- woman and Rh+ man after exposure to Rh antigen during birth?

    <p>Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process where activated factor X and Ca2+ cleave prothrombin to form __________ is essential for blood clotting.

    <p>thrombin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood condition can be treated with anti-gamma globulins like RhoGam?

    <p>Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sickle cell disease provides a survival advantage against malaria.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the consequences of thrombosis and embolism?

    <p>Thrombosis can block small vessels leading to embolism, which can cause strokes or pulmonary embolism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Excessive blood loss due to the failure of clot formation may result in __________.

    <p>hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the conditions with their definitions:

    <p>Thrombosis = Formation of a clot within a blood vessel Embolism = Obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot Stroke = Interruption of blood supply to the brain Pulmonary Embolism = Blockage of a pulmonary artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

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