Blood and Circulation Overview

Blood is a special connective tissue consisting of a fluid matrix, plasma, and formed elements.

Plasma proteins are involved in various functions, including defense mechanisms, osmotic balance, and clotting or coagulation of blood.

<p>Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, are responsible for the transport of respiratory gases, primarily oxygen, throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two major types of lymphocytes are B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, both playing crucial roles in the immune system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Platelets are responsible for the coagulation or clotting of blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ABO blood grouping system is based on the presence or absence of antigens A and B on the surface of red blood cells, while the Rh blood grouping system is based on the presence or absence of the Rh antigen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rh incompatibility can lead to serious complications, particularly during pregnancy, as Rh-negative mothers producing antibodies against Rh-positive fetal blood can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lymph is a colorless fluid that circulates throughout the lymphatic system, collecting interstitial fluid and draining it back to the major veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart pumps blood through a closed network of vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bird</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The human heart acts as a pump, circulating blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removing waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The four chambers of the human heart are the right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cardiac cycle involves the coordinated contraction and relaxation of the heart's chambers, resulting in the flow of blood from the atria to the ventricles and then to the pulmonary arteries and aorta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The SAN is the pacemaker of the heart, initiating and maintaining the rhythmic contractions of the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ventricular systole is the contraction phase of the ventricles, pushing blood into the pulmonary artery and aorta, while ventricular diastole is the relaxation phase, allowing the ventricles to refill with blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The valves in the heart prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring that blood flows in one direction, from the atria to the ventricles and then to the pulmonary artery and aorta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An ECG is a graphical representation of the electrical activity of the heart, showing the electrical impulses generated during each cardiac cycle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pulmonary circulation carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation, while the systemic circulation carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Double circulation ensures that oxygenated and deoxygenated blood do not mix, leading to efficient oxygen delivery to the tissues and removing waste products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiac activity is regulated both intrinsically, by the autoregulation of the myogenic heart muscle, and extrinsically, by the autonomic nervous system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Major disorders of the circulatory system include hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), angina, and heart failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The hepatic portal system collects blood from the digestive tract and delivers it to the liver before it enters the systemic circulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers