Questions and Answers
What is biotechnology?
Manipulation of living organisms or parts of organisms to make products useful to humans.
What does genetic engineering involve?
Using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic makeup of an organism.
Who is known as the 'Father of Biotechnology'?
Biotechnology only involves manipulating plants.
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What is an example of a product that can be produced through genetic manipulation?
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The use of living organisms or parts of living organisms to create or modify products is known as ______.
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What is synthetic biology?
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The term 'technology' is derived from Greek words meaning 'art' and 'principle'.
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Study Notes
Biotechnology Overview
- Biotechnology involves the manipulation of living organisms or their components to create products that benefit humans.
- Key processes include genetic manipulation, modification of DNA, and the application of biological knowledge to enhance organism functions.
Definition of Technology
- Derived from Greek words "techne" (art, skill, craft) and "logos" (word, thought, principle).
- Technology is the practical application of scientific knowledge, particularly from physical sciences, to create useful devices and systems.
Historical Context
- Technology began with primitive tools made from stones and sticks for digging and weaponry.
- Early humans employed trial and error to improve tool design, leading to the study of physical laws governing matter and energy.
Understanding Biotechnology
- Involves artificial manipulation and recombination of DNA to alter organisms.
- Uses cellular knowledge to improve the effectiveness of living organisms for human use.
- Encompasses genetic manipulation to change behaviors and characteristics for agricultural, medical, and industrial advancements.
Biotechnology Applications
- Exploits biological processes for industrial benefits, such as producing antibiotics and hormones.
- Utilizes information technology for managing and analyzing DNA sequences from genome projects.
- Aims to improve agriculture, healthcare, and environmental sustainability through enhanced biological processes.
Genetic Engineering Defined
- Involves using recombinant DNA technology to alter an organism’s genetic structure.
- Traditional methods relied on selective breeding to obtain desired traits.
Synthetic Biology
- Focuses on redesigning organisms for beneficial purposes, giving them new capabilities.
- Applies engineering principles to biology to create synthetic biological components and systems.
- Intersects biological science with engineering to develop new functions not naturally occurring.
Pioneer of Biotechnology
- Karl Ereky, a Hungarian agricultural engineer, coined the term "biotechnology" in 1919.
- Known for his work with sugar beets and contributions to the field.
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Description
This quiz explores fundamental concepts in biotechnology, focusing on definitions and the distinctions between biological and physical science technologies. It also delves into the principles of genetic engineering and the etymology of technology. Test your understanding of these key biotechnological terms and concepts.
