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Questions and Answers
Which vitamin is enhanced in quantity during the fermentation of milk into curd?
Which vitamin is enhanced in quantity during the fermentation of milk into curd?
- Vitamin-B12 (correct)
- Vitamin-C
- Vitamin-E
- Vitamin-D
What gas is primarily responsible for the rise of fermented flour?
What gas is primarily responsible for the rise of fermented flour?
- O2
- NO2
- SO2
- CO2 (correct)
Which microorganism is specifically known for converting sugar into alcohol?
Which microorganism is specifically known for converting sugar into alcohol?
- Penicillium
- Rhizopus
- Yeast (correct)
- Mucor
What was the first antibiotic to be discovered?
What was the first antibiotic to be discovered?
From which organism is the antibiotic Streptomycin derived?
From which organism is the antibiotic Streptomycin derived?
What is the main primary treatment process used for wastewater?
What is the main primary treatment process used for wastewater?
What is the primary use of the residue left after biogas production from dung?
What is the primary use of the residue left after biogas production from dung?
Which function does Bacillus thuringiensis primarily serve?
Which function does Bacillus thuringiensis primarily serve?
What type of organism is Trichoderma known for controlling?
What type of organism is Trichoderma known for controlling?
Which of the following bacteria is primarily associated with nitrogen fixation in legumes?
Which of the following bacteria is primarily associated with nitrogen fixation in legumes?
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Study Notes
Vitamins and Microorganisms
- Lactic acid bacteria increase the quantity of Vitamin-B12 when milk is converted into curd.
Fermentation
- Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the reason for the rise of fermented flour.
- Yeast is the fungus that converts sugar into alcohol.
Antibiotics
- Penicillin was the first discovered antibiotic.
- Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin.
- Streptomycin and Terramycin antibiotics are obtained from bacteria.
- Streptomyces rimosus is the source of Terramycin.
Other Bioactive Substances
- Statin reduces cholesterol in the blood.
- Cyclosporin-A dissolves blood clots.
- Streptokinase dissolves blood clots.
- Lipase is used to remove oily stains.
Enzyme Sources
- Bacteria, Microthecium verrucaria and Aspergillus niger are all sources of cellulose.
Waste Water Treatment
- Physical processes are the primary treatment of wastewater.
- The residue after biogas production from dung is used as fertilizer.
Bioremediation and Biopesticides
- Bacillus brown (likely Bacillus subtilis) is involved in petroleum production.
- Bacillus thuringiensis produces Bt toxin.
- Bacillus thuringiensis is a biopesticide.
- Baculoviruses, Entomophthora and Microsporidia are all organisms used for pest control.
Biocontrol
- Trichoderma fungus is used for biocontrol of plant diseases.
Nitrogen Fixation
- Rhizobium live in symbiosis with plants and are found in the roots of legumes, specifically Rhizobium leguminosarum.
- Azospirillum and Pseudomonas fix atmospheric nitrogen.
- Anabaena is a Nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria.
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